This study tries to answer the question, “has macroeconomic instability detrimental impact on gross domestic product of Pakistan over the period of 1980 to 2012?” For reviewing macroeconomic instability a comprehensive macroeconomic instability index is constructed by incorporating inflation rate, unemployment rate, trade deficit and budget deficit. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model h...

This paper aims to investigate the impact of macroeconomic variables on economic growth after Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Pakistan. In doing so, study utilizes the quarterly time series data from 1990 to 2007. Advanced Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) approach has been employed for co-integration and error correction model (ECM) for short-run results in the case of Pakista...

This paper examines the causality between income inequality and crime in Malaysia for the period 1973-2003. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure is employed to (1) analyze the impact of income inequality on various categories of criminal activities as well as to (2) analyze the impact of various categories of criminal activities on income inequality. Interestingly our ...

This study investigates an adjustment process in the bilateral trade balances of five countries within the Caribbean, with their largest trading partner, namely the United States. Unlike previous studies, this study controls for oil prices which play a vital role in the countries’ trade balances. A panel econometric technique was utilized using annual data over the period 19802012. Analysis of ...

This study examines the meaningful relationship between economic growth, and service sector contribution and domestic investment in two major Asian economies, namely India and China. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure is employed to analyze the impact of the selected variables namely (1) contribution by the service sector, (2) (4) domestic investment on economic grow...

In this paper we investigate natural gas producer’s reactions to changes in market prices. We estimate price elasticities of aggregated supply in the most competitive market for natural gas: the United States. Using monthly time series data form 1987 to 2012 our analysis is based on an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound Cointegration approach to obtain short and long-run elasticities o...

The objective of this paper is to investigate the long-run and short-run relationships among tourist arrivals to Malaysia and tourism price, substitute price, travelling cost, income and exchange rate for Asian7. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) is employed in the analysis, and the data cover the period 1970 to 2004. The empirical...

In this study, workers’ remittances on financial development in Turkey are analysed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound (ARDL) method from 1974 to 2019. analysis, dependent variable, which is domestic credit private sector by banks (percent of GDP), used as an indicator for development. addition international remittances, other independent variables include GDP per capita, interest r...

This study examines the growth effects of real exchange rate (RER) misalignment and capital flight in Turkey during period 1981-2019. The World Bank’s residual method suggests that is a widespread problem Single Equation Approach adopted to delineate series RER identifies Turkey’s significantly misaligned throughout sample period. Their are then examined using autoregressive distributed lag (AR...