Autolysis of unwashed exponential-phase Escherichia coli cells was efficiently promoted by first submitting them to a quick downshock with distilled water before an upshock with 0.5 M sodium acetate, pH 6.5. The association of these two osmotic shocks had a remarkable synergistic effect and led to significant decreases in turbidity and viability. Different factors influencing the rate of cell l...

1. A toxic constituent is present in the fresh pancreas of dogs before trypsinogen can have been activated. 2. The toxic fraction is present in the beta-nucleoprotein, and therefore is thermostable. 3. It is gradually destroyed by autolysis but can be obtained in concentrated form from a gland which has autolyzed 24 hours. 4. The toxic material is probably protein in nature. 5. Intravenous or i...

Baker's yeast suspensions having bacterial populations of 10(6) and 10(8) CFU/ml were subjected to autolysis processes designed to obtain yeast extracts (YE). The bacterial contaminants added to the yeast cell suspensions were produced with spent broths obtained from a commercial yeast production plant and contained 59% cocci (Leuconostoc, Aerococcus, Lactococcus) as well as 41% bacilli (Bacill...

The observations of Salkowski, 2 which have shown that incubated liver undergoes "self-digestion," have been extended to almost all tissues of the animal body. It is well known that the autolysis of most tissues occurs with maximum activity in a weakly acid medi'am. Biondi ~ has found that disintegration of liver is hastened by addition of weak acid, and Hedin and Rowland, 4 using the expressed...

Because intracellular [Na(+)] is kept low by Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, Na(+) dependence is generally considered a property of extracellular enzymes. However, we found that p94/calpain 3, a skeletal-muscle-specific member of the Ca(2+)-activated intracellular "modulator proteases" that is responsible for a limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ("calpainopathy"), underwent Na(+)-dependent, but not Cs(+)-depend...

Carbon-nitrogen ratio experiments indicate that limiting nutrition not only hinders Penicillium stoloniferum host proliferation but reduces total PsV-F and PsV-S virus replication. Results of C-N experiments show a pH-induced autolysis and virus release at minimal C levels. Maximal PsV-F levels and biomass were obtained with glucose and sucrose as C sources. Oleic acid also yielded high biomass...

By HELEN QUINCY WOODARD, PH.D. V ARIOUS investigatorst5 have reported that erythrocytes exhibit phosphatase activity at pH values between 4 and 6, and some believe that this is due to two acid phosphatases with maximum activities at about pH 4.2. and .6. Reports on alkaline phosphatase activity have been less numerous.’ ‘ 6 , 7 In the course of an investigation of the glycerophosphatase activit...

In 1904 Lane-Claypon and Schryverl reported a latent period in autolysis amounting in the normal liver to about 4 hours. In the livers of fasting animals the latent period was absent or much shorter than in the well fed. If active trypsin preparations were introduced into the autolyzing liver mass, digestion began at once. These observations led the authors to the conclusion that in the living ...

A clinico-neuropathological study was conducted on 60 cases of brain death, 36 males and 24 females, ranging in age from 11 to 81 years, the average being 49.4 years. Of these, 29 patients died of cerebrovascular disease. The average duration of brain death was 99 hours. The mean weight of the brain was 1466 g. Neuropathological findings were brain edema, congestion, herniation and various suba...

An autolysis site of functional and structural significance has been mapped within the dimer interface of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease. Cleavage 27 residues from the C terminus of the 230 amino acid residue, 25 kDa protein was observed to cause a loss of dimerization and proteolytic activity, even though no active site moieties were lost. Gel-filtration chromatography and an...