results from a total of 1700 participants, 41.6% were males and 58.4% were females. the mean age of the participants was 47.8 years. the overall prevalence of msps was 65.5% that was more prevalent in women and increased with advancing age approaching the highest prevalence in the group above 75 years (78.4%) (adjusted odds ratio, aor > 1.6). the prevalence increased with diabetes (aor 1.5), ov...

the association of rs10818488 snp located in traf1/c5 region with rheumatoid arthritis (ra), has been picked up by genome-wide association studies. independent studies in different populations revealed inconsistent results. the aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of this snp with ra in iranian population. a total of 362 cases and 422 healthy controls were recruited in ...

objective: the purpose of this study was to identify reasons domestic violence occurs within intimate relationships. methods: the target group was female victims and male offenders. the offenders group consisted of 25 men from a batterer’s intervention group. the victims group composed of 9 women from center against spouse abuse (casa) intervention group. results: domestic violence occurred at ...

Resistin (RETN), recently found to be relevant to inflammation and inflammatory disorders. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the potential role of RETN gene polymorphism in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris with familial history. We investigated the RETN-420C/G polymorphism in 180 patients with acne vulgaris and 180 healthy individuals in a case-control association analysis. In this study, we als...

Motivated by examples from genetic association studies, this article considers the model selection problem in a general complex linear model system and in a Bayesian framework. We discuss formulating model selection problems and incorporating context-dependent a priori information through different levels of prior specifications. We also derive analytic Bayes factors and their approximations to...

Motivated by the challenges associated with accounting for the ascertainment when analyzing secondary phenotypes that are correlated with case-control status, Lin and Zeng have proposed a method that properly reflects the case-control sampling (Lin and Zeng, 2009). The Lin and Zeng method has the advantage of accurately estimating effect sizes for secondary phenotypes that are normally distribu...

Genetic association studies have become an important part of our scientific landscape. This commentary discusses some basic scientific issues which should be considered when reporting and evaluating such studies including SNP Discovery, Genotyping and Haplotype Analysis; Population Size, Matching of Cases and Controls, and Population Stratification; Phenotype Definition and Multiple Related Phe...

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) provides an objective assessment of the reading comprehension attainment of Grade Four primary school students in countries worldwide. Organized by The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) in the USA, PIRLS assesses primary school students’ reading attainment, reading behaviour and attitudes to...

Genetic pleiotropy refers to the situation in which a single gene influences multiple traits and so it is considered as a major factor that underlies genetic correlation among traits. To identify pleiotropy, an important focus in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is on finding genetic variants that are simultaneously associated with multiple traits. On the other hand, longitudinal designs ...