Exon junction complexes (EJCs) associate with mRNAs, mediate the pre-mRNA splicing and eventually gets displaced by ribosomes during initial phase of translation. EJCs are involved in several critical physiological pathways. The functional nature underlying molecular mechanism(s) still needs to be elucidated particularly case plants. Here, we report that putative core protein factors EJC differ...

BACKGROUND The quality of oral and poster conference presentations differ. We hypothesized that the quality of reporting is better in oral abstracts than in poster abstracts at the American Burn Association (ABA) conference meeting. METHODS All 511 abstracts (2000: N = 259, 2008: N = 252) from the ABA annual meetings in year 2000 and 2008 were screened. RCT's and obervational studies were ana...

• In contrast to mycoheterotrophs that associate with ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi, we know little about the ecophysiology of arbuscular mycorrhizal mycoheterotrophs. Here, we identify the mycorrhizal fungi of two unrelated mycoheterotrophs and one putative partial mycoheterotroph that form arbuscular mycorrhizas, and analyse their carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) isotope signatures. • We ...

Phytochromes are photoreceptors regulating growth and development in plants. Using the model plant Arabidopsis, we identified a novel signalling pathway downstream of far-red light-sensing phytochrome, phyA, that depends on highly conserved CCR4-NOT complex. is integral to RNA metabolism yeast animals, but its function plants largely unknown. NOT9B, an Arabidopsis homologue human CNOT9, compone...

Plants produce flowers with complex visual and olfactory signals, but we know relatively little about the way that signals such as floral scents have evolved. One important factor that may direct the evolution of floral signals is a pollinator's ability to learn. When animals learn to associate two similar signals with different outcomes, biases in their responses to new signals can be formed. ...

Symbioses between plants and nitrogen (N) fixing bacteria are ecologically and economically important interactions with complex evolution and ecology. Theoretical and experimental studies suggest that host specificity and environmental variation are important determinants of both evolutionary and ecological patterns in such interactions, but detailed descriptions of these parameters in natural ...

Reflectance, transmittance and absorptance spectral of "normal" and six types of nutrient-deficient (N, P, K, S, Mg, and Ca) maize (Zea mays L.) leaves were analyzed at 30 selected wavelengths from 500~2600 nm. The analysis of variance showed significant differences in reflectance, transmittance and absorptance in the visible wavelengths among leaf numbers 3, 4, and 5, among the seven treatment...

The need for evidence based teaching has become an important ideology for nurse educators who are frequently encouraged to expand their teaching strategies based on recent advances in technology and student learning styles. Traditional lecture is often preferred by students, yet the literature encourages case study methodology for the development of critical thinking. A pilot study was conducte...

The existence of two independent components of long-term memory has been demonstrated by the authors. The evidence has been derived from the authors' findings related to the optimum spacing of repetitions in paired-associate learning. The two components are sufficient to explain the optimum spacing of repetitions as well as the spacing effect. Although the molecular counterparts of the two comp...

The search for energetic alternatives became more intense due to strong and historical drought in Brazil the last few years. This incident can be found around world it is associate with climate changes, which starting face hard policies of emission decrease until 2050. As consequence, renewable energy sources has an fundamental role grid descarbonization. In Brazil, places biggest solar irradia...