Photosynthetic eukaryotes are the product of an endosymbiotic event between a eukaryotic host and a cyanobacterium that became today's plastid. A new phylogenomic study suggests that the closest relative of plastids among extant cyanobacteria is the recently discovered freshwater-dwelling Gloeomargarita lithophora.

Twenty-eight new species of the genus Ypsiloncyphon are described from Southeast Asia. The new species described in this paper are as follows: Y. laosensis sp. n., Y. myanmarnus sp. n., Y. nomurai sp. n., Y. bifurcatus sp. n., Y. bicornutus sp. n., Y. borneensis sp. n., Y. brachytrigonium sp. n., Y. garoensis sp. n., Y. kedahensis sp. n., Y. prolongatus sp. n., Y. guamensis sp. n., Y. philippin...

A new species of caligid copepod (Siphonostomatoida), Anuretes grandis sp. n., parasitic on the painted sweetlips [Diagramma pictum (Thunberg)] in Taiwan is described. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having: (1) free margin of cephalothorax not covering fourth pediger, (2) large genital complex longer than 2/3 of the cephalic shield, (3) no maxillary whip, (4) leg 3 with ...

A brief note was published some years ago by W. T. Morgan of the Lister Institute, London, and the writer (1932) describing the isolation from decayed woody tissues of a micro-organism which decomposes the specific polysaccharides of Shigella dysenteriae, Shiga; Shigella dysenteriae, Flexner Y; Pneumococcus Type II; and the tubercle bacillus. At the time a study of the relationship of this orga...

We describe the following 8 new genera and 23 new species of Neotropical Exosternini. Conocassis gen. n. (Conocassis minor sp. n. [type species], Conocassis dromedaria sp. n., Conocassis trisulcata sp. n., and Conocassis invaginata sp. n.), Enkyosoma gen. n. (Enkyosoma rockwelli sp. n.), Pluricosta gen. n. (Pluricosta onthophiloides sp. n.), Pyxister gen. n. (Pyxister devorator sp. n. [type spe...

The species of the genus Labrundinia (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae: Pentaneurini) are revised, described and figured. Keys to known adult males, pupae and larvae are provided. Fourteen previously known species are redescribed, and 25 species from Neotropical region are diagnosed and described as new to science. These species treated are L. amandae sp. n., L. amazonica sp. n., L. becki Bec...