The type of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system has a large impact on the heating and cooling energy consumption in multifamily residential buildings. This paper compares the energy performance of three HVAC systems: a direct expansion (DX) split system, a split air source heat pump (ASHP) system, and a closedloop water source heat pump (WSHP) system with a boiler and an eva...

We evaluated the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis administered before surgery at a major referral hospital in Shiraz, against the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) guidelines. Data on surgical procedure, choice of antibiotic and administration were gathered for all surgeries performed on hospitalized patients during 15 days in March 2010. Of 155 patients included in the a...

This study quantifies the potential of a 4.0 kW air source heat pump (ASHP) unit retrofitted to 12.0 kW, 1000 L electric boiler coupled storage tank. A data acquisition system was built monitor performance and ASHP water heater. The annual electrical energy saving load factor reduction from because retrofit 34,805.94 kWh 0.124. net present value payback period 1.60 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test...

The compounding of medications is a fundamental part of pharmacy practice. All compounding personnel, mainly pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, are responsible for compounding and dispensing sterile products and preparations of correct ingredient identity, purity (freedom from physical contaminants, such as precipitates, and chemical contaminants), strength (including stability and compatibi...

Abstract Air-source heat-pump (ASHP) water heater provides an important low-carbon solution for domestic heating, which regains interest in the context of pursuing global carbon neutrality. In this study, a novel testing and theoretical approach is proposed ASHP with flash tank vapor-injection by retrofitting methods state points. Five vapor-injections different temperature levels are tested ve...

Pharmacy residencies (originally termed “internships”) began in the early 1930s, primarily for the purpose of training pharmacists for the management of pharmacy services in hospitals. The first nonacademic residency program is believed to have been conducted by Harvey A. K. Whitney at the University of Michigan Hospital. Approximately 10 years later, the first residency program combined with f...

Since sustainability has become a major concern in the construction industry, making economically efficient investment decisions energy conservation are needed to minimize consumption for space heating and cooling. Although Air-Source Heat Pump (ASHP) systems used meet buildings’ cooling demands worldwide, high initial setup costs limit widespread use of these systems. This paper presents compa...

The solar air collector assisted source heat pump is demonstrated to be an efficient clean heating technology, while the research on its working modes, and corresponding energy, exergy, economic, environmental (4E) analysis insufficient. In this study, a novel triangular (TSAHP) for building proposed, three modes including preheating, series parallel are illustrated. energy model established us...