Soils and decayed plant litter contain significant quantities of chlorinated aromatic polymers that have a natural but largely unknown origin. We used cupric oxide ligninolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to show that Curvularia inaequalis, a widely distributed litter ascomycete, chlorinated the aromatic rings of lignin in wood that it was degrading. In aspen wood decayed ...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of echinophora cinerea boiss and stachys lavandulifolia vahl extracts on quality and sensory properties of doogh, as a dairy drinking, to enhance public health society. for this purpose, different levels of each plant extract was added to the doogh. stability, acidity, ph, microbial and sensory properties of doogh samples were studied during 45 ...

In humans, a deficiency in Phe hydroxylase activity results in phenylketonuria, a metabolic disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of Phe. Phe hydroxylase belongs to the iron-containing aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAH) family, whose members catalyze the hydroxylation of Phe, Trp, or Tyr in a reaction that depends on the donation of electrons by tetrahydropterin (reviewed in Fit...

Since the use of antibiotics in animal feeds has been banned, researches on alternative natural products that modulate ruminal fermentation have been intensified. Natural compounds such as plant extracts have been considered to be replaced antibiotics as safe and sustainable alternatives. Plant extracts especially essential oils and saponins have strong antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antiprotozo...

The gene PRT1 of Arabidopsis, encoding a 45-kD protein with two RING finger domains, is essential for the degradation of F-dihydrofolate reductase, a model substrate of the N-end rule pathway of protein degradation. We have determined the function of PRT1 by expression in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). PRT1 can act as a ubiquitin protein ligase in the heterologous host. The identified substr...

Plants are valuable sources of a vast array of chemical compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, pigments, antimicrobials, pharmaceutical, etc. The majority of the compounds were produced by plants during different stages of cell, tissues and organ differentiation. Plant tissue culture is the process by which parts of plant can be grown in vitro condition in a sterile culture medium. The nutrient ...

Isothiocyanates (ITCs), the biologically important glucosinolate breakdown products, can present health-promoting effects, play an important role in plant defense and affect plant cellular mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the biological effects of ITCs on Arabidopsis thaliana by assessing growth parameters after long-term exposure to low concentrations of aliphatic and aromatic ITCs, ranging from...

INTRODUCTION Stemodia Benth. is a genus of about 40 species belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae occurring in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The chemical investigation of this genus is restricted to five species from which flavonoids, labdane diterpenes, and diterpenes derivatives with a rare tetracyclic skeletal, named stemodane, were isolated. [1-3] The diterpenes of this ...

Plant cells have been reported to play an important role in the uptake of organic contaminants. This study was undertaken to provide an insight into the role of the root cell walls and their subfractions on sorption of phenanthrene to roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Root cell walls were isolated and further sequentially fractioned by removing pectin, hemicellulose one, and hemicellulose ...