more than two third of the world lands are located in arid and semi arid area including iran. unfortunately there is lack of information and consequently poor scientific studies in these areas because of the difficulties which we face for collecting data and doing field studies in such a big areas under hard situations. however, in the recent decades there has been a great progress in using rem...

This study evaluated the freshwater use of two mangrove species (R. mucronate: Rhizophora mucronata and A. marina: Avicennia marina) growing in a coastal area Djibouti City on Moucha Island Djibouti. We accomplished this by comparing hydrogen oxygen stable isotope ratios (δ2H δ18O) body water with those creek water, soil groundwater, rainwater samples. Line-conditioned excess (lc-excess) was ca...

The Qinghai Tibetan Plateau permafrost has been the largest permafrost region in middle-low latitude in the world for its high altitude. For the large area permafrost, especially surface deformation brought by it, have serious influence on the road engineering, road maintaining and regional economic development. Consequently, it is essential to monitor the surface deformation and study factors ...

Evapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in the hydrological cycle and it is essential to estimate ET accurately for the evaluation of available water resources in arid regions. In this paper, the monthly change of ET in the semi-arid Hailiutu River basin in northwest China were studied. The spatial distribution of ET was assessed by using the energy balance approach SEBS (Surface Energy...

Urbanism directly affects the hydrological cycle. One of the ways to manage runoffs in urban areas that is considered nowadays is green roof creation. Green roof is mainly created in humid and semi-humid areas, and efficiency of green roofs in arid and semi-arid areas has attracted less attention. In the current study, to evaluate the effect of green roof in arid and semi-arid to reduce runoff,...