Provision of multiple-choice (MC) glosses, which combines the advantages of glosses and inferring, has recently gained its share of supporters as a potential technique for enhancing L2 texts and increasing word gain for L2 learners. Upon taking an actual TOEFL, the participants underwent a vocabulary pretest to ensure that the target words were unfamiliar to all of them. Half of the participant...

The Secrete History of the Mongols (SHM) is a special Mongolian historical document transliterated with Chinese characters as phonetic symbols, which feature causes many multivariate analyses in later ages. The discussion of this paper mainly focuses on the data of used Chinese characters, the frequencies, and the rules of transliteration on SHM. All the statistic data and the analysis are base...

Involvement Load Hypothesis (ILH) and Technique Feature Analysis (TFA) are two frameworks which operationalize depth of processing of a vocabulary learning task. However, there is dearth of research comparing the predictive power of the ILH and the TFA across second language (L2) vocabulary learning tasks. The present study, therefore, aimed to examine this issue across four vocabulary learning...

Involvement Load Hypothesis (ILH) and Technique Feature Analysis (TFA) are two frameworks which operationalize depth of processing of a vocabulary learning task. However, there is dearth of research comparing the predictive power of the ILH and the TFA across second language (L2) vocabulary learning tasks. The present study, therefore, aimed to examine this issue across four vocabulary learning...

Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA) is an approach to calculate the semantic relatedness between two words or natural language texts with the help of concepts grounded in human cognition. ESA usage has received much attention in the field of natural language processing, information retrieval and text analysis, however, performance of the approach depends on several parameters that are included in ...

This study aimed to explore the function and frequency of textual metadiscourse markers (MDMs) in scientific English and Persian texts. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of textual markers characterizing the selected genre, four different textbooks, two written in English and two in Persian were analyzed to identify the textual metadiscourse categories (including logical marker...