Current-driven magnetic switching and magnetic dynamics in spin-valve nanopillars are considered in the framework of the macrospin model. The corresponding spin transfer torque is calculated in terms of the macroscopic model based on spin diffusion equations. Critical currents for switching from parallel to antiparallel magnetic configurations and to precessional regime are derived. Frequencies...

From the Research Service, Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32608, the ¶Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610, the Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, and the **In...

A special nanopillar comprised of a thick top ferromagnetic layer and a thin bottom ferromagnetic layer is fabricated and the transport properties are measured by applying a dc current and an external field. It is shown experimentally that the dc current flowing through the nanopillar could lead to intermediate states between the antiparallel and the parallel magnetic configurations. The interm...

Infrared spectra of N(2)O trimers are studied using a tunable diode laser to probe a pulsed supersonic slit-jet expansion. A previous observation by Miller and Pedersen [J. Chem. Phys. 108, 436 (1998)] in the N(2)O nu(1)+nu(3) combination band region ( approximately 3480 cm(-1)) showed the trimer structure to be noncyclic, with three inequivalent N(2)O monomer units which could be thought of as...

Introduction: Residual oxygen-free radicals of bleaching agents before composite restorations can increase microleakage in enamel and dentin margins, and also various bleaching techniques are being developed using light sources. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of diode laser bleaching and LED activated bleaching on the microleakage of composite restorations. Materials & M...

A compact integrated antenna with direct quadrature conversion circuitry for broad-band millimeter-wave communications is proposed. The conversion circuits include two even-harmonic mixers based on antiparallel diode pairs (APDPs). The equivalent circuit of the APDP derived here provides good agreement with the measured data from 17 to 23 GHz. Overall phase and amplitude imbalance between the i...

Improved quantum chemistry (coupled-cluster) results are presented for spectroscopic parameters and the potential energy surface for the N(2)O dimer. The calculations produce three isomer structures, of which the two lowest energy forms are those observed experimentally: a nonpolar C(2h)-symmetry planar slipped-antiparallel geometry (with inward-located O atoms) and a higher-energy polar C(s)-s...

introduction: the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of srp assisted by the two clinical treatment methods of diode laser or chlorhexidine gel applications in comparison with srp alone. methods: eight patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, each with at least three pockets 4–7 mm deep, were selected for this study. over 66 pockets were selected and randomly ...

introduction: the aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of diode laser 810nm and photodynamic therapy (pdt) in reducing bacterial microflora in endodontic retreatment of teeth with periradicular lesion. methods: in this in vivo clinical trial, 20 patients who needed endodontic retreatment were selected. after conventional chemo mechanical preparation of root canals, microb...