background and objectives : the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of satureja hortensis and trachyspermum copticum essential oils against different kinds of microorganisms in vitro. material and methods : the antimicrobial activity was evaluated by micro broth dilution assay and analysis of essential oils chemical composition by gc and gc/ms a...

A three month study to evaluate costs associated with the utilisation of antimicrobial drugs was undertaken in the Intensive Care Unit of the Johannesburg hospital. A total of 62 patients were entered in the study. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was found to be the most prominent bacterial pathogen (53%) followed by Acinetobucter bauma?mii (30.6%). Candida albicans was the most prominent yea...

Development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens our ability to treat common and life threatening infections. Identifying the emergence of AMR requires strengthening of surveillance for AMR, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the burden of infection is highest and health systems are least able to respond. This work aimed, through a combination of desk-based inv...

An on-farm pharmaco-epidemiological survey of 246 turkey broiler flocks from 131 farms was carried out to assess the homogeneity of antimicrobial use between flocks on the same farm and to explore the possible relationships between farm and farmer characteristics and the level of antimicrobial use. The antimicrobial use in each flock was quantified by an invoice study, expressed as the number o...

The preclinical in vitro and in vivo benchmark figures of cationic antimicrobial peptides have to be revisited based on the newly discovered alternative modes of action.

A single animal can express several cationic antimicrobial peptides with different sequences and structures. We demonstrate that mammalian peptides from different structural classes frequently show synergy with each other and selectively show synergy with human lysozyme.

A series of (benzamidostyryl)benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized by hydrolyzing 2-phenyl-4-(substituted)benzylidene-5-oxazolones, the azlactone precursors in an acidic medium and treating the product with substituted o-phenylenediamine (OPDA) in situ. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. All synthesized compounds were screened for...

Bacillus velezensis GF610 was isolated from soil in Illinois, USA, and found to produce amyloliquecidin GF610, a potent two-component antimicrobial peptide. We report here the GF610 strain draft genome sequence, which contains 4.29 Mb and an overall GC content of 45.91%.

In this article, the current knowledge and knowledge gaps in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock and plants and importance in terms of animal and human health are discussed. Some recommendations are provided for generation of the data required in order to develop risk assessments for AMR within agriculture and for risks through the food chain to animals and h...

Antimicrobial stewardship is recognized as a key component to stop the current European spread of antimicrobial resistance. It has also become evident that antimicrobial resistance is a problem that cannot be tackled by single institutions or physicians. Prevention of antimicrobial resistance needs rigorous actions at ward level, institution level, national level and at supra-national levels. C...