BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently administered after liver resection to prevent postoperative infections. However, very few studies have examined the usefulness of antibiotic prophylaxis after liver resection. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in patients after liver resection. METHODS A total of 241 patients schedul...

BACKGROUND Surgical site infection (SSI) is an adverse event in which a close relation between process of care and outcome has been demonstrated: administration of antibiotic prophylaxis decreases the risk of SSI. In our tertiary referral centre, a SURgical PAtient Safety System (SURPASS) checklist was developed and implemented. This multidisciplinary checklist covers the entire surgical pathwa...

People who have had a splenectomy for any reason are 40 times more likely to have an overwhelming infection, especially pneumococcal infection, and 17 times more likely to suffer fatal sepsis. The incidence of such life threatening infections is reduced by prophylactic immunisation with polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine and long term antibiotic prophylaxis or instituting prompt antibiotic treatme...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis seems to decrease the incidence of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding and is considered standard of care. However, there is no updated information regarding the effects of this intervention. AIM To assess the benefits and harms of antibiotic prophylaxis in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding by pe...

This distillation of the peer-reviewed scientific literature on infection after cataract surgery summarizes background material on epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis, describes the roles of surgical technique and antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention, and discusses diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in cases of suspected endophthalmitis.

Background—Infection remains a serious complication after permanent pacemaker implantation. Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently prescribed at the time of insertion to reduce its incidence, although results of well-designed, controlled studies are lacking. Methods and Results—We performed a meta-analysis of all available randomized trials to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis ...

A 65-year-old woman on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) developed blood-tinged dialysate and bacterial peritonitis following a colonoscopic polypectomy. She grew multiple anaerobic organisms in her dialysate despite antibiotic prophylaxis with vancomycin and gentamicin prior to the procedure. This case confirms the need for broad spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis prior to colonosc...