Soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) pulping of barley straw was used to obtain cellulosic pulps for papermaking purposes. The identified parameters, or variables to be optimized, were operating time, anthraquinone concentration, and PFI refiner revolutions, and the influence of these operating variables on pulp properties was studied. A polynomial model that reproduced the experimental results with er...

BACKGROUND Severe asthma is associated with T helper (TH) 2 and 17 cell activation, airway neutrophilia and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) activation. Asthma exacerbations are commonly caused by rhinovirus (RV) and also associated with PI3K-driven inflammation. Anthraquinone derivatives have been shown to reduce PI3K-mediated AKT phosphorylation in-vitro. OBJECTIVE To determine the anti-inf...

Eggs of leaf beetles of the tribe Galerucini, subfamily Galerucinae, contain polyketides that are unusual in insects: 1,8-dihydroxylated anthraquinones (chrysazin, chrysophanol) and anthrones (dithranol, chrysarobin) deterring predators. The host plants do not contain these compounds. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the beetles, but not bacterial or fungal microorganisms liv...

The present paper deals with the secondary metabolite contents such as saponin, total tannin and anthraquinone during three different developmental stages vegetative, flowering fruiting in Alhagi maurorum from Rajasthan desert. study of this plant is needed due to its higher medicinal values. aim quantitative estimation selected metabolites. amounts were evaluated by HPLC, titrimetric GC/MS/MS ...

The aqueous electrochemistry of a number of anthraquinone derivatives was studied by using cyclic voltammetry at the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE). From measurements of the half-wave potential as a function of pH, the potential - pH diagrams were constructed for each compound. The values of formal potentials and the pK'a of some different redox and acid-base couples inv...

2-acetyl physcion (2-acetyl-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone, 2), a rare anthraquinone, was isolated from Senna macranthera var. nervosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae). The chemical structure was elucidated and all (1)H and (13)C NMR chemical shifts were assigned by NMR one- ((1)HNMR, {(1)H}-(13)CNMR, and APT-(13)CNMR) and two (COSY, NOESY, HMQC and HMBC) dimensional...

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(16)H(12)O(4), is almost planar; the two meth-oxy groups are slightly out of the plane of the anthraquinone ring system, with C-C-O-C torsion angles of -6.25 (19) and -10.22 (19)°. In the crystal structure, the mol-ecules adopt a herringbone arrangement and form face-to-face slipped anti-parallel π-π stacking inter-actions along the b axis, with an inter-pl...

The title compound, C(16)H(12)O(4), crystallizes with two half-mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit, each of which is completed by a crystallographic inversion center. The two crystallographically independent mol-ecules have almost the same geometry and are almost planar [maximum deviations = 0.018 (3) and 0.049 (3) Å]. They adopt a conformation in which the C(meth-yl)-O bonds are directed along t...

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(16)H(13)NO(2), adjacent mol-ecules are linked through C-H⋯π and π-π [centroid-centroid distances = 3.844 (2) Å] contacts. The anthracene ring system and dimethyl-amino group are oriented at a dihedral angle of 38.4 (1)°. In the crystal, the mean planes of adjacent anthracene units are inclined at angles of 59.3 (1), 75.7 (1) and 76.0 (1)°.