Anthracosis of the lungs is black discoloration of bronchial mucosa that can occlude bronchial lumen and is associated with bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF). This disease usually presents with a chronic course of dyspnea and or cough in an elderly non-smoker woman or man. In addition, concomitant exposure to dust and wood smoke is the most postulated etiology for anthracosis. Pulmonary function...

Introduction: The importance of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) for diagnosis of pulmonary diseases is well known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the indications of 500 FFBs performed in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran as well as examination of the histopathological and radiological findings.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the medical records and chest...

OBJECTIVE To determine the proportional distribution of endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) subtypes and to evaluate the types of bronchoscopic diagnostic procedures that can prove granulomatous inflammation. METHODS This was a retrospective study of 18 HIV-negative patients with biopsy-proven EBTB treated between 2010 and 2014. RESULTS The most common EBTB subtypes, as classified by the bron...