An ant walks along the edges of a graph G, occ~sionMly leaving pheromone traces at vertices, and using those traces to guide its exploration. We show that the ant can cover the graph within time O(nd) where n is the number of vertices and d the diameter of G. The use of traces achieves a tradeoff between random and self-avoiding walks, as it can give lower priority to already visited neighbors....

Bu çal??ma 2022 ortaokul (5.-8. s?n?f) ö?rencisinin matematik öz yeterlik düzeylerinin baz? de?i?kenler aç?s?ndan incelenmesini amaçlamaktad?r. Elde edilen sonuçlar ö?rencilerin ki?isel deneyimler, dolayl? ya?ant?lar ve sosyal iknalar kapsam?nda orta düzeyde, fizyolojik durumlara yönelik ise dü?ük düzeyde oldu?unu ortaya koymu?tur. Cinsiyet de?i?kenine göre düzeyleri aras?nda anlaml? bir farkl?...

K e y words: T r a i l f o l l o w i n g Ant trail pheromone Se l f -organ iza t ion Collective behaviour Low vs high traffic networks

Extrafloral nectar (EFN) plays an important role as plant indirect defence through the attraction of defending ants. Like all rewards produced in the context of a mutualism, however, EFN is in danger of being exploited by non-ant consumers that do not defend the plant against herbivores. Here we asked whether plants, by investing more in EFN, can improve their indirect defence, or rather increa...

This paper investigates vertical IS standardisation initiatives from an Actor Network Theory (ANT) perspective. It describes the standardisation process as a series of translations of interests. The ANT lens provides an insight into how participating organisations attempt to align the interests of other organisations. The contributions of this paper are: (i) a deeper understanding of the vertic...

It has becom e increasingly apparen t that B lymphomas provide clonal models for antigen-specific lymphocytes and for the analysis o f both positive and negative signalling in B cells. In addit ion, ant i Ig reagents have been used to mimic an t igen / to le rogen in their interact ion with B cell receptors at a polyclonal level (1-3). We have been studying the effects o f ant i-Ig on a g roup ...

Ants are ubiquitous in the Bahamas, and are found even on the smallest cays, Surveys for ants on over 260 small cays in four archipelagos (Exuma Cays, Great Exuma, Andros, and Abaco) over a 14-year period have revealed a number of generalized patterns of ant species distributions: (1) Ants are almost always present on small cays with terrestrial vegetation, but are never present on cays without...

Identification of molecular features that determine peptide interaction with major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) is essential for vaccine development. We have developed a concept for peptide design by combining an agent-based artificial ant system with artificial neural networks. A jury of feedforward networks classifies octapeptides that are recognized by mouse MHC I protein H-2K(b). Pr...

Murine monoclonal ant ibodies against carc inoembryonic antigen (CEA) derived from a colonic tumor were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for reactivity with CEA and the CEA-related antigens, meconium antigen (MA) and nonspecif ic cross-reacting antigen. Ant ibody-ant igen binding profiles revealed three classes of hybridomas. The Class I antibody, NP-1, recognized an epitope shared among all three ...

Fungus-growing ants, their cultivated fungi and the cultivar-attacking parasite Escovopsis coevolve as a complex community. Higher-level phylogenetic congruence of the symbionts suggests specialized long-term associations of host-parasite clades but reveals little about parasite specificity at finer scales of species-species and genotype-genotype interactions. By coupling sequence and amplified...