During transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), controllable dose parameters are electrode number (typically 1 anode and 1 cathode), position, size, shape, and applied electric current. Because different electrode montages result in distinct brain current flow patterns across the brain, tDCS dose parameters can be adjusted, in an application-specific manner, to target or avoid specific b...

A dc discharge with a hot cathode is subject to current and voltage plasma oscillations, which have deleterious effects on its operation. The oscillations can be inhibited by installing an auxiliary electrode, placed outside of anode. By collecting a modest current through a small opening in anode, we show that the discharge becomes stable, in a certain pressure range. This method of avoiding c...

OBJECTIVE To examine the therapeutic effect of a novel therapeutic method based on electroacupuncture with intermittent direct current (DCEA) and associated adverse events in patients with peripheral nerve damage and a poor clinical prognosis. METHODS In seven older patients with peripheral nerve damage (neurapraxia 2, axonotmesis 4, neuromesis 1), an acupuncture needle connected to an anode ...

Anode biofilm is a crucial component in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for electrogenesis. Better knowledge about the biofilm development process on electrode surface is believed to improve MFC performance. In this study, double-chamber microbial fuel cell was operated with diluted POME (initial COD = 1,000 mg L(-1)) and polyacrylonitrile carbon felt was used as electrode. The maximum power densit...

During the past decade, tremendous attention has been given to the development of new electrode materials with high capacity to meet the requirements of electrode materials with high energy density in lithium ion batteries. Very recently, cobalt silicate has been proposed as a new type of high capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries. However, the bulky cobalt silicate demonstrates lim...

The application of the composite of Ni3S2 nanoparticles and 3D graphene as a novel cathode material for supercapacitors is systematically investigated in this study. It is found that the electrode capacitance increases by up to 111% after the composite electrode is activated by the consecutive cyclic voltammetry scanning in 1 M KOH. Due to the synergistic effect, the capacitance and the diffusi...

Since the introduction to market by Sony in the early 1990s,[1] lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become dominate power sources for consumer electronics and have been recognized as a critical enabling technology to make electric vehicles (EVs)/ hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) a success.[2] They are also being used to store carbon-free and renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and ocean...

Lithium metal anode with the highest capacity and lowest anode potential is extremely attractive to battery technologies, but infinite volume change during the Li stripping/plating process results in cracks and fractures of the solid electrolyte interphase, low Coulombic efficiency, and dendritic growth of Li. Here, we use a carbonized wood (C-wood) as a 3D, highly porous (73% porosity) conduct...

To examine the relationship between the defibrillation threshold and the strength of shocks that induce ventricular fibrillation during the vulnerable period, we determined the defibrillation threshold in 22 open-chest dogs using epicardial defibrillation electrodes with the cathode at the ventricular apex and the anode at the right atrium. We also determined whether there was an upper limit of...

GeP5 is a recently reported new anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), it holds a large theoretical capacity about 2300 mAh g-1, and a high rate capability due to its bi-active components and superior conductivity. However, it undergoes a large volume change during its electrochemical alloying and de-alloying with Li, a suitable binder is necessary to stable the electrode integrity fo...