Here, we report insights into the new recyclable catalyst 1, (DMAP·saccharin). The DMAP·saccharin-catalysed acylation of alcohols has been successfully carried out more than 8 times. Only 1 mol% of catalyst 1 efficiently promotes acylation with almost equimolar amounts of acid anhydrides, under both base-free and solvent-free conditions.

This tutorial review highlights the organocatalytic Lewis base functionalisation of carboxylic acids, esters and anhydrides via C1-ammonium/azolium enolates. The generation and synthetic utility of these powerful intermediates is highlighted through their application in various methodologies including aldol-lactonisations, Michael-lactonisations/lactamisations and [2,3]-rearrangements.

Diheterolevulosan, difructose anhydrides I. III, and II react, respectively, with 4, 2, 1, and 1 moles of periodic acid per mole of sugar. These results are in keeping with the known structures of the first three sugars. It is suggested that difructose anhydride II is a 1,2' -2,4'-difructofuranose. CONTENTS Page

A novel and efficient method for the one-pot synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiazoles from carboxylic acids or anhydrides is presented. Based on this new method, the total synthesis of the bis-2,4-disubstituted bis(thiazoles) natural product cystothiazole C is also presented.

Beech sawdust was reacted with phthalic (PA) and maleic (MA) anhydrides for chemical modification. The influence of reaction time and anhydride amount was investigated. IR spectra gave evidence of wood esterification. Thermogravimetric investigation of chemically modified wood indicated a better thermal stability (mainly for wood treated with phthalic anhydride) in comparison with the untreated...

An insertion of arenes into both imides and anhydrides via reactive aryne intermediates is presented. The reaction is performed under exceptionally mild conditions, and the corresponding ketoamide products are amenable to derivatization to deliver a variety of synthetically useful motifs such as quinolones, indoles, and ketoanilines.

A recent report has indicated that the oxidizing agent Oxone does not possess the ability to cleave the 2,3-carbon-carbon bond of indole. Work in our laboratory shows that this is not the case. Indole and a variety of aryl ring substituted derivatives readily react to form synthetically important isatoic anhydrides.

The esterification reaction of phthalic anhydride with methanol was performed at different temperatures in a continuous flow glass microreactor at pressures up to 110 bar and using supercritical CO(2) as a co-solvent. The design is such that supercritical CO(2) can be generated inside the microreactor. Substantial rate enhancements were obtained, viz. a 53-fold increase was obtained at 110 bar ...

This communication deals principally with the development of a method for the quantitative fluorometric measurement of the natural estrogens and introduces data on a similar test method for the quantitative determination of cholesterol. To achieve this goal, use has been made of the condensat.ion reaction of phenolic steroids with phthalic anhydride (1, 2). In view of the wide-spread interest i...