Testosterone replacement has undergone somewhat of a revolution in the past decade with the introduction of topical administration techniques, including patches and gels, as well as an increasing interest in the treatment of older men with low testosterone levels for what is now termed andropause. Increasingly, testosterone replacement therapy is being individually tailored. Side effects to ski...

Purpose: A progressive decrease in androgen production is common in males after middle age. The resulting clinical picture has been erroneously named male menopause or andropause. A more appropriate designation is androgen decline in the aging male (ADAM). The syndrome is characterized by alterations in the physical and intellectual domains that correlate with and can be corrected by manipulati...

This work investigated the effects of Allium ampeloprasum extract (AME) on testosterone synthesis in TM3 Leydig cells under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. AME showed no increment cell proliferation oxidatively stressed cells. Testosterone level lowered when were treated with H2O2, but increased presence AME. To determine effect biosynthetic pathway, we examined expression pr...