This paper addresses the problems of movement transformation in Prolog-based bottom-up parsing system. Three principles of Government-Binding theory are employed to deal with these problems. They are Empty Category Principle, C-command Principle, and Subjacency Principle. A formalism based upon them is proposed. Translation algorithms are given to add these linguistic principles to the general ...

The archivation of ancient vessel-fragments is a time consuming but important task for archaeologists. The basis for classification and reconstruction is the profile which is the cross-section of the fragment in the direction of the rotational axis of symmetry. Hence the position of a fragment (orientation) on a vessel is important. In this work the estimation of the axis of rotation out of ran...

Prediction markets,1 which allow participants to place bets on the probability of a particular event, have been used with great success in the election context. Virtually ubiquitous during the 2008 election, prediction markets were used to forecast the chances of a particular candidate winning the election, and were often used by Internet pundits to keep “score” of the polls throughout the run-...

In The Clash of Civilizations, Samuel Huntington argued that the primary axis of global conflict was no longer ideological or economic but cultural and religious, and that this division would characterize the “battle lines of the future.” In contrast to the "top down" approach in previous research focused on the relations among nation states, we focused on the flows of interpersonal communicati...

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den sich momentan vollziehenden Wandel der Wissenserschließung und –organisation. Nach einer Einführung in die klassischen Methoden und Instrumente werden neue Ansätze vorgestellt, die sich durch eine starke Partizipation der Nutzer im Erschließungsprozess auszeichnen. Auf Grundlage einer Abwägung der Herausforderungen und Chancen wird ein Ausbl...

In this article, we propose a new ontology evolution approach that combines a top-down and a bottom-up approach. This means that the manual request for changes (top-down) by the ontology engineer is complemented with an automatic change detection mechanism (bottom-up). The approach is based on keeping track of the different versions of ontology concepts throughout their lifetime (called virtual...

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The article discusses several issues relevant for the annotation of written and spoken corpus data with information structure. We discuss ways to identify focus top-down (via Questions under Discussion) or bottom-up (starting from pitch accents). We introduce a two-dimensional labelling scheme for information status and propose a way to distinguish between contrastive and noncontrastive informa...

This paper aims to shed some light on the difficulties we face in constructing a generally acceptable normative framework for thinking about public health. It argues that there are three factors which combine to make theorising about public health difficult, and which when taken together defeat simplistic top-down and