this article is going to survey the relationship between culture and efficiency in insurance companies including asia, iran, alborz and dana as well as their branches. in order to measure the efficiency, data envelopment analysis (dea) has been used. in a way that the amount of efficiency in respect to input and output of branches has been computed, then by using the amounts, the weighted avera...

vol. 6, no. 1, 2014, ser. 66/3     extended abstract   explaining the relationship indices of the performance evaluation and rank performance with the growth of the companies   m. afshar                                          r. zamani amugheen molana higher education, abyek, qazvin   introduction        due tocompetition in the global economy and an increase in public awareness about the fin...

Waxman report, which also touches on the pre-emption matter. The report issued by Representative Waxman’s House Oversight and Invest igations Committee in late October argued that the FDA had recently restricted CBE authority twice—one time as part of the 2006 Physician Labeling Rule and a second time in a CBE rule issued in August 2008. The Waxman report was controversial because it said that ...

BACKGROUND The current direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) guidelines were developed with print, television, and radio media in mind, and there are no specific guidelines for online banner advertisements. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates how well Internet banner ads comply with existing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for DTCA in other media. METHODS A content analysis was per...

1075 ducting research on improved detection methods are all necessary activities. Interpol, national authorities, drug companies, academic groups, the United States Pharmacopeia, and the WHO are collaborating on these actions. The threat posed by emerging artemisinin resistance on the Cambodia–Thailand border is widely acknowledged, but an effective response requires that critical operational a...

N-of-1 trials are empirical formal tests using a within-patient randomised, double-blind, cross-over comparison of drug and placebo (or another drug), which we adapted to study individual patients' responses as a clinical tool to guide clinical management. We administered semi-structured interviews to gauge stakeholder perspectives on the possibility of using routine n-of-1 trials for this purp...

This paper seeks to examine empirically the extent to which actors in subsidiaries of multinational companies (MNCs) are able to exercise some choice in the face of global pressures from the MNC headquarters (HQ). We argue that managerial practices in MNCs are not the result of a simple imposition of a global or a MNC organisational rationality but are subject to an interactive process, where d...

Much attention has been focused in recent years on the ethical acceptability of physicians receiving gifts from drug companies. Professional guidelines recognize industry gifts as a conflict of interest and establish thresholds prohibiting the exchange of large gifts while expressly allowing for the exchange of small gifts such as pens, note pads, and coffee. Considerable evidence from the soci...

Although the influence of research onmedical practice has become a key concern, the influence of pharmaceutical advertising in medical journals has received little attention. There is evidence that advertising influences doctors’ behaviour more than they might think. Important pockets of research exist in this area but tend to focus on the scientific validity of the text and rarely give much at...