Post-weaning diarrhea and edema disease caused by F18 fimbriated E. coli are important diseases in newly weaned piglets and lead to severe production losses in farming industry. Protective treatments against these infections have thus far limited efficacy. In this study we generated nanobodies directed against the lectin domain of the F18 fimbrial adhesin FedF and showed in an in vitro adherenc...

Background: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and therefore are widespread in nature. Those that lyse the pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) should be expected in niches in which this bacterium thrives, among others the avian egg. Furthermore, bacteriophages could remain viable in this milieu. Results: Upon artificially infecting hen eggs with the SE bacteriopha...

as a nuclear approach, positron emission tomography (pet) is a functional imaging technique which is based on the detection of gamma ray pairs emitted by a positron-emitting radionuclide. there are certain limitations to this technique such as normal tissue uptake. therefore, it has been recommended that patients prepare before scanning. fasting for a short while before pet imaging is an exampl...

A two-dimensional numerical model was developed to determine the effect of the non-Newtonian behavior of blood on a pulsatile flow at the aortic bifurcation. The blood rheology was described by a weak-form Casson equation. The successive-over-relaxation (SOR) method was used to solve both the vorticity and Poisson equations numerically. It was disclosed that the non-Newtonian property of blood ...

Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from two adult cows and a veterinary pathologist who performed a necropsy examination on one of the cows. The isolates had indistinguishable phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. A splash exposure was the suspected means of transmission of the human infection. Veterinary practices and other at-risk occupations should establish site-specific infection cont...

Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are one of the key components of antiretroviral drug regimens against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. (+)-calanolide A, which is purified from the rainforest plant Calophyllum, is an anti-HIV-1/ tuberculosis drug. In our previous study, a library of (+)-calanolide A was constructed and one novel compound 10-chloro...