BACKGROUND Use of amphetamine-type substances (ATS) has been linked to increased risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) worldwide. In Cambodia, recent ATS use is independently associated with incident STI infection among young female sex workers (FSWs). METHODS We conducted 33 in-depth interviews with women (15-29 years old) engaged in sex work to explore ATS use and vuln...

Introduction Methamphetamine and amphetamine, powerful CNS stimulants that have a variety of ethical uses, have side effects of increased confidence, sociability, and energy that have resulted in their extensive abuse as recreational psychoactive drugs. This extends to their abuse in sports because of the additional properties of increased mental alertness and suppression of fatigue.1 Negative ...

aMonoaminergic projections from brainstem to cortex via the ascending reticular activating system are illustrated here. Perhaps one form of arousal is a stimulated type of external vigilance, with tense hyperarousal, putting the individual on the lookout for threats from the environment. This type of arousal may be mediated by the monoamines dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholin...

AIMS This study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief intervention (BI) for illicit drugs (cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine-type stimulants and opioids) linked to the World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The ASSIST screens for problem or risky use of 10 psychoactive substances, producing a score for each substance that falls into eit...

Methamphetamine abuse is a significant public health concern. Although widely studied in laboratory animals, little is known about the abuse-related behavioral effects of methamphetamine relative to other abused stimulants in controlled laboratory settings in humans. The aim of this study was to examine the discriminative stimulus, subject-rated, performance, and cardiovascular effects of metha...

Morphine and other mu opioids mimic and/or modulate the discriminative stimulus (DS) effects of cocaine, possibly reflecting mutual stimulation of mesolimbic dopamine activity. Less is known about the capacity of cocaine and related stimulants to modulate the DS effects of morphine. The present study investigated the effects of cocaine, amphetamine, and reference drugs, administered alone and w...

BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders in childhood. A wide variety of treatments have been used for the management of ADHD. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacological, psychological and complementary and alternative medicine interventions for the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. ...