Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from renal microvessels metabolize 2',3'-cAMP to 2'-AMP and 3'-AMP, and these AMPs are converted to adenosine that inhibits microvascular VSMC proliferation via A(2B) receptors. The goal of this study was to test whether this mechanism also exists in VSMCs from conduit arteries and whether it is similarly expressed in human vs. rat VSMCs. Incubation of r...

In a previous study, we demonstrated that human proximal tubular epithelial cells obtained from a commercial source metabolized extracellular 2',3'-cAMP to 2'-AMP and 3'-AMP and extracellular 2'-AMP and 3'-AMP to adenosine (the extracellular 2',3'-cAMP-adenosine pathway; extracellular 2',3'-cAMP → 2'-AMP + 3'-AMP → adenosine). The purpose of this study was to investigate the metabolism of extra...

Many-body correlations in nuclei determine the behavior of Deep-Inelastic-Scattering (DIS) and Quasi-Elastic Scattering (QES) cross section ratios off heavy over light especially for xBjorken > 1, obtained at Jefferson Lab. They can be described terms quark-cluster formation due to wave-function overlapping, manifesting itself when momentum transfer is high so that partonic degrees freedom are ...

Abstract. Top-down greenhouse gas measurements can be used to independently assess the accuracy of bottom-up emission estimates. We report atmospheric methane (CH4) mole fractions and δ13CH4 from Imperial College London early 2018 onwards using a Picarro G2201-i analyser. Measurements March October 2020 were compared simulations CH4 produced NAME (Numerical Atmospheric-dispersion Modelling Envi...

Abstract. As part of the EUREC4A (Elucidating role cloud–circulation coupling in climate) field campaign, German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft), configured as a cloud observatory, conducted 15 flights trade-wind region east Barbados January February 2020. Narrative text, state data, metadata describing HALO's operation during campaign are provided. Each ...

UNLABELLED The naturally occurring purine 2',3'-cAMP is metabolized in vitro to 2'-AMP and 3'-AMP, which are subsequently metabolized to adenosine. Whether in vivo 2',3'-cAMP, 2'-AMP, or 3'-AMP are rapidly converted to adenosine and exert rapid effects via adenosine receptors is unknown. To address this question, we compared the cardiovascular and renal effects of 2',3'-cAMP, 2'-AMP, 3'-AMP, 3'...

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides, classified as NOx (nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) and NOy (NOx+ NO3, N2O5 HNO3, HNO4+ HONO Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) organic nitrates any oxidized N compound), are important trace gases in the troposphere, which play an role formation of ozone, particulate matter (PM), secondary aerosols (SOA). There remain many uncertainties origin fate atmospheric comp...

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides (NOx= nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) are important trace gases that affect atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and climate. Contemporary development of NOx emissions inventories is limited by the understanding roles vegetation (net source or net sink), vehicle from gasoline- diesel-powered vehicles, application emission control technologies, accurate verif...

Abstract. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are amongst the most potent greenhouse gases listed under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). With atmospheric lifetimes order of thousands to tens years, PFC emissions represent a permanent alteration global atmosphere human timescales. While industries responsible for vast majority these – aluminium smelting and semi-conductor manu...