Higher rates of smoking initiation and continuation by female compared with male adolescents, as found in many developed countries, may call for gender-specific prevention programs. Risk factors of smoking initiation and continuation were examined prospectively (1997-2002) among 3205 Dutch elementary schoolchildren (mean age 11.64) in an intervention trial using written questionnaires and multi...

in societies where religious diversity is there, living peacefully just in the shadow of religious tolerance and the recognition of all religions, may. lack of religious tolerance has consequences such as religious violence. also, religious tolerance leaves a significant effect on the political attitude of individuals. the research question has two parts: shiite religious tolerance than the cou...

To examine racial/ethnic and gender disparities in antiretroviral (ART) use and viral suppression among HIV-infected persons in care and identify factors that might account for observed disparities. The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a complex sample survey of HIV-infected adults receiving medical care in the United States. We used weighted interview and medical record data collected 06/20...

social anxiety disorder is a debilitating and chronic illness characterized by persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations, with a relatively high lifetime prevalence of 7% to 13% in the general population and various factors are involved in its creation. one of the factors that affect this disorder is personality trait. the present study compared the personality trait in ad...

Current research studies the concept of “gender” as one social factors that determine choice language means defined more typical for female or male speech. The study focuses on speech Theresa May, former British Prime Minister, second Minister after M. Thatcher. analysis 10 interviews with and journalists is based classifications masculine feminine described in such linguists R. Lakoff, a repre...

In this study, the authors focused on older adults in Beijing with three objectives: to examine gender differences in functional health and mortality at the end of a five-year study period, controlling for initial functional health; to determine the extent to which these differences were a function of exposure versus vulnerability to risk factors; and to analyze the relative importance of socia...

investigating sociological factors affecting job alienation this research is a study on the efficient sociological factors on job alienation across elementary school teacher of tehran. the research data was collected through a surveying method, and participants were 380 persons out of 18452 among elementary school teacher of tehran. with consideration of previous research and the theoretical fo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Identification of risk factors for alcohol-related consequences is an important public health concern. Both gender and social anxiety have been associated with alcohol-related consequences broadly, but it is unknown whether these variables are differentially related to specific types of alcohol-related consequences for American college students. METHODS In the presen...