The characteristics of cell adsorption and pinocytotic uptake of diphtheria toxin by several mammalian cell types were studied. Purified toxin iodinated by a solid-state lactoperoxidase method provided preparations of high specific activity and unaltered biological activity. Dephtheria toxin-sensitive HEp-2 cells and guinea pig macrophage cultures were compared with resistant mouse L-929 cells....

We report on a series of experiments in which a Hele-Shaw cell containing aqueous solutions of NH4Cl was translated at prescribed rates through a steady temperature gradient. The salt formed the primary solid phase of a mushy layer as the solution solidified, with the salt-depleted residual fluid driving buoyancy-driven convection and the development of chimneys in the mushy layer. Depending on...

Colorless crystals of l-alanine hydrochloride monohydrate, C(3)H(8)NO(2) (+)·Cl(-)·H(2)O, were obtained from a powder sample that had been left standing in a refrigerator for a few years. The structure displays several inter-molecular hydrogen bonds: the hydroxyl O atom is involved in a single hydrogen bond to the chloride anion, while the ammonium group forms one hydrogen bond to the chloride ...

Paramecium are attracted to ammonium chloride solutions relative to sodium chloride control solutions, but little is known about the mechanisms by which attraction is evoked. A known effect of ammonium solutions in other cell types is an alteration of intracellular pH. We show here that intracellular pH is elevated upon initial exposure to 5 mM NH4Cl, but appears to decline within 10 minutes, b...

The crystal structure of the title compound, (C6H14N)3[Sn(C2O4)2Cl2]Cl·H2O, contains three cyclo-hexyl-ammonium cations, one stannate(IV) dianion, one isolated chloride anion and one lattice water mol-ecule. The cyclo-hexyl-ammonium cations adopt chair conformations. In the complex anion, two bidentate oxalate ligands and two chloride anions in cis positions coordinate octa-hedrally to the cent...

In the crystal structure of the title salt, C(8)H(12)NO(+)·Cl(-), the methoxy group of the cation is co-planar with the phenylene moiety with an r.m.s. deviation from the mean plane of only 0.005 Å. The ammonium N atom deviates from this plane by 1.403 (1) Å. In the crystal, the (4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)methan-aminium cations and chloride anions are linked by N-H⋯Cl and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, resulti...

Three inherent acidic chitinases were purified from yam aerial tuber by the application of quaternary ammonium ion detergent. For remoyal of the mucilage in the crude extract of aerial tuber, the effeets of various quaternary ammonium ion detergent were compared. Cetylpyridinium chloride effectiyely remoyed the mucilage and this method proyed to provide high recoyery of chitinase actiyity. Thre...

1. Ribosomes prepared from bovine lactating mammary gland are able to synthesize protein, whereas similar preparations from non-lactating glands are not. Washing the ribosome suspensions through a medium containing 0.5m-ammonium chloride enhanced their ability to incorporate phenylalanine into polyphenylalanine. 2. Ribosomes isolated from non-lactating bovine mammary gland, in contrast with tho...

Effects of respirable aerosols of sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfite, and ammonium persulfate on lungs of rats are reviewed. The literature regarding interactions between ozone or nitrogen dioxide and acidic aerosols (ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid) is discussed. An unexpected interaction between nitrogen dioxide and sodium chloride aerosol is also discussed. An attempt is made to...