Soil nitrification is an important process for agricultural productivity and environmental pollution. Though one cultivated representative of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea from soil has been described, additional representatives warrant characterization. We describe an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon (strain MY1) in a highly enriched culture derived from agricultural soil. Fluorescence in situ hybridiza...

Adult brown trout (300­600 g) were acclimated for 2 weeks to an artificial soft water (Ca2+, 50 µmol l-1) and maintained at either 5 °C (October to March) or 15 °C (May to August). Following insertion of a cannula into the dorsal aorta under MS-222 anaesthesia and a recovery period of 2 days, the fish were exposed to a 4 day episode of sub-lethal copper levels at pH 5 or kept ...

Am m onia was excreted at high rates in the presence of L-methionine sulfoximine (L-MSO) from Chlorella cells which have been grown and analyzed at normal C 0 2 partial pressure (330 ppm). If these cells are analyzed at high C 0 2-concentration (3% C 0 2 in air) only little ammonia is excreted in the presence o f L-MSO. In the absence of L-MSO no ammonia is excreted under either condition. In a...

The Rhesus (Rh) glycoproteins, Rh B and Rh C Glycoprotein (Rhbg and Rhcg, respectively), are ammonia-specific transporters expressed in renal distal nephron and collecting duct sites that are necessary for normal rates of ammonia excretion. The purpose of the current studies was to determine the effect of their combined deletion from the renal collecting duct (CD-Rhbg/Rhcg-KO) on basal and acid...

Nitrogen N , phosphorus P , and carbon C flux through a three pond wastewater stabilization system WWSP was measured over the course of a year in a cold weather region Minnesota with 4 months of ice cover. The system was surprisingly efficient at N removal averaging 80% primarily through volatilization of un-ionized ammonia during the late spring when the pH was above 8 and ammonia levels were ...

The efficiency of ammonia removal from fresh source-segregated domestic food waste digestate using biogas as a stripping agent was studied in batch experiments at 35, 55 and 70°C, at gas flow rates of 0.125 and 0.250Lbiogasmin(-1)L(-1)digestate with and without pH adjustment. Higher temperatures and alkaline conditions were required for effective ammonia removal, and at 35°C with or without pH ...

Renal ammonia metabolism is a fundamental element of acid-base homeostasis, comprising a major component of both basal and physiologically altered renal net acid excretion. Over the past several years, a fundamental change in our understanding of the mechanisms of renal epithelial cell ammonia transport has occurred, replacing the previous model which was based upon diffusion equilibrium for NH...

Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia toxicity to juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) were investigated under laboratory conditions following the OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. Acute toxicity was tested in a static nonrenewal system at pH 9.0 and temperature around 29 degrees C. The 24-, 48-, and 96-h LC(50) values for barramundi were 3.89, 3.67, and 3.31 mg total ammonia N L(-1...

Taiwan abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta held in 30 parts/per thousand seawater and 26 degrees C were injected with TSB-grown Vibrio parahaemolyticus (1.6 x 10(5)cfu abalone(-1)), and then placed in water containing different concentrations of ammonia-N (un-ionized plus ionized ammonia) at 0.01 mg l(-1) (control), 1.12, 3.22, 5.24 and 10.18 mg l(-1). Mortality of abalone increased direct...

Ammonia is the chief excretory product in fishes. However, non-availability of enough of water in the habitat, may lead to the formation of urea, in fishes. In the present study, the possible role of urea formation to avoid the toxicity of ammonia under water-restricted condition was tested in Channa gachua. Circulatory urea and ammonia were estimated in the blood of the fishes and glutamate de...