Historically, in female pseudohermaphrodites a staged procedure with early clitoral reduction and delayed vaginoplasty was often the treatment of choice. In recent years several authors have described 1-stage genitoplasty that is performed in the first year of life. The 1stage procedure for clitoroplasty and vaginal exteriorization is preferable for an optimal functional and cosmetic result. Be...

Agaporomorphus sharynae sp. n. is described from Amazonas, Venezuela. Agaporomorphus Zimmermann, 1921 now includes nine known species. The new species is part of the A. knishi species group since it has similarly convoluted male genitalia with rows of setae on the dorsal surface. Males can be separated from those of other members of the genus by the structure of the abdominal ventrites, shape o...

Efficient and accurate evaluation of the newborn who has ambiguous genitalia is required to provide appropriate medical therapy and assuage parental anxiety. Genital ambiguity usually is due to virilization of genetic females or undervirilization of genetic males who have normal gonads. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is the most common condition leading to inappropriate virilization in females....

Robotic genitalia sparing female cystectomy Erdal Alkan1, Abdullah Erdem Canda2, Altug Semiz3, Ahmet Oguz Ozkanli4, Merve Yilmaz4, Mevlana Derya Balbay1 1Memorial Şişli Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey 2Yildirim Beyazit University, School of Medicine, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Ankara, Turkey 3Memorial Şişli Hospital, Department of Gyn...

The female genitalia of the Cicadellidae (leafhoppers) are usually considered more morphologically conservative (i.e., less variable) than the male genitalia at the generic and specific levels. However, various recent publications on the Cicadellinae (sharpshooters) have demonstrated the existence of useful characters in the female genitalia for the recognition of genera and species. Here we de...

Rapid evolution of genitalia is one of the most general patterns of morphological diversification in animals. Despite its generality, the causes of this evolutionary trend remain obscure. Several alternative hypotheses have been suggested to account for the evolution of genitalia (notably the lock-and-key, pleiotropism, and sexual selection hypotheses). Here, I argue that thorough intraspecific...

External genitalia are anatomical structures located at the posterior embryonic region as part of several urogenital/reproductive organs. The embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, the genital tubercle (GT) develops as a bud-shaped structure with an initial urethral plate and later urethra. Embryonic external genitalia are considered to be one of the appendages. Recent experiments suggest ...

The male genitalia of many animal groups have elaborate and species-specific forms. One hypothesis to explain why this is so is that male genitalia function as stimulatory devices that are under sexual selection by cryptic female choice. This report is based on a videotaped observation of a single male of an unidentified species of Tipula (Bellarina) from San José Province, Costa Rica. A male c...

Sex determination in mammals is different, as a single bipotential gonad can develop either into a testes or an ovary. If this genetic process which is largely complex gets disrupted during development of a human being it can lead to disorders of sex development. There are two separate processes by which sex development takes place namely i) sex determination whereby the bipotential gonad forms...

Like fingerprints, genitalia are unique from person to person, including those who are intersex. Someone with an intersex condition could have external genitalia that are ambiguous or their genitalia might be different from their genetic sex. They could have female genitalia on the outside but be genetically male, they may have both testes and ovaries, or they may have some other combination wh...