We reported a one-pot, environmentally friendly method for biosynthesizing nanoscale Au-Ag alloy using chloroplasts as reducers and stabilizers. The prepared nanoscale Au-Ag alloy was characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was further used to identify...

In this paper we propose to combine two software verification approaches, theorem proving and model checking. We focus on the B-method and a theorem proving tool associated with it, and the Alloy specification notation and its model checker “Alloy Constraint Analyser”. We consider how software development in B can be assisted using Alloy and how Alloy can be used for verifying refinement of abs...

This article contains two main contributions. On the theoretical side, it presents a novel complete calculus for Alloy. On the applied side we present DYNAMITE, a tool that combines the semi-automatic theorem prover PVS with the Alloy Analyzer. DYNAMITE allows one to prove Alloy assertion from Alloy specifications, while using the Alloy Analyzer for the automated analysis of hypotheses introduc...

Study of the corrosion behaviour of a magnetron sputtered Al–Cu/Al–Cu–Mg model alloy couple in sulphate solutions has been undertaken to gain insight into the galvanic coupling between the matrix and SAl2CuMg particles in the 2024 aluminium alloy (AA2024). Polarisation curves and local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements (LEIS) were performed on the individual alloys and on the ...

Using GaxIn1-xP as a prototype system, we present the first systematic examination of the alloy scattering effects on the global electronic structure of a semiconductor alloy for the whole composition range. Contrary to conventional wisdom, many electronic states in such a "well behaved" alloy are found to differ drastically from a Bloch state, including band edge states that are derived from d...

Corrosion behavior of friction stir processing (FSP) WE43 alloy in a simulated body fluid (SBF) was investigated. Micro-galvanic corrosion was the dominated corrosion behavior, and the corrosion resistance of FSP WE43 alloy was improved compared to the cast counterpart. Furthermore, due to the fine-grained and homogeneous microstructure, uniform corrosion morphology was observed on FSP WE43 all...

The purpose of this study is to understand the electrochemical corrosion behavior of 1wt% Cu content Al-6Si-0.5Mg alloy in 0.1M NaCl solution. The potentiodynamic polarization curves reveal that 1wt% Cu content alloy is less prone to corrosion than the Cu free alloy. The EIS test results show that corrosion resistance or polarization resistance (Rct) increases with the addition of 1wt% Cu to Al...

The effect of long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase and γ' precipitates on the ageing behavior and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-8.2Gd-3.8Y-1.0Zn-0.4Zr (wt.%) alloy was investigated. The results show that more β' phases precipitate during ageing treatment in the LPSO phase containing alloy so that the LPSO phase containing alloy exhibits a higher age-hardening response than the γ...

In this study, magnesium-zinc (Mg-Zn) alloy was investigated as a biodegradable orthopedic implant. MC3T3-E1 cell attachment, mineralization and osteogenic-specific mRNA expression were assessed for as measurements of the in vitro biocompatibility of Mg-Zn alloy. In vivo degradation of the Mg-Zn alloy and the accompanying new bone formation in the femoral marrow cavity were analyzed by scanning...

The basis for developing a new dental alloy with high Au content is appropriate chemical composition and manufacturing technology. The demands which have to be met when developing a new dental alloy are linked with fulfilling the necessary requirements for making the alloy suitable for use in metal-ceramic restorations. Due to the stress generated by masticatory forces, alloys for dental restor...