The complexation of alkali-metal cations with calix[4]arene tertiary amide derivative (L) was studied in N-methylformamide (NMF), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by means of microcalorimetric and UV spectrophotometric titrations. The Gibbs energies, enthalpies, and entropies for transfer of reactants and products from N-methylformamide to other solvents were determine...

Earth abundant element clathrate phases are of interest for a number of applications ranging from photovoltaics to thermoelectrics. Silicon-containing type I clathrate is a framework structure with the stoichiometry A8-xSi46 (A = guest atom such as alkali metal) that can be tuned by alloying and doping with other elements. The type I clathrate framework can be described as being composed of two...

According to the salt-linkage hypothesis (a part of the association-induction hypothesis), the binding of alkali-metal ions on isolated proteins may be low as a result of the masking of cation-binding fixed anionic groups by the formation of "salt linkages" between them and fixed cationic groups. This hypothesis has been verified in a quantitative manner by the measurement of free and adsorbed ...

Copper ATPases, in analogy with other members of the P-ATPase superfamily, contain a catalytic headpiece including an aspartate residue reacting with ATP to form a phosphoenzyme intermediate, and transmembrane helices containing cation-binding sites [TMBS (transmembrane metal-binding sites)] for catalytic activation and cation translocation. Following phosphoenzyme formation by utilization of A...

The effects of an on-line ion suppressor device on alkali metal ion adduct formations of the model compound tacrolimus were investigated. The base peak ion in the positive ion ESI-MS spectrum of tacrolimus was a sodium ion adduct, [M+Na](+). On the other hand, an ammonium ion adduct, [M+NH(4)](+), was the base peak ion in the full-scan mass spectrum of tacrolimus with a cation-exchange suppress...

The electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Practical electrocatalysis of CO2RR must be carried out aqueous solutions containing electrolytes alkali metal cations such as sodium and potassium. Although considerable efforts have been made to design efficient electrocatalysts for investigate the structure–activity relationships using mol...

The cation selectivity of the Na entry mechanism located in the outer membrane of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) skin epithelium was studied. This selectivity was determined by measuring the short-circuit current when all of the external sodium was replaced by another cation and, also, by noting the relative degree of inhibition that the alkali metal cations produced on Na influx. The ability ...