BACKGROUND Infants and children with respiratory conditions are often prescribed bronchodilators. Face masks are used to facilitate the administration of nebulized therapy in patients unable to use a mouthpiece. Masks incorporate holes into their design, and their occlusion during aerosol delivery has been a common practice. Masks are available in different sizes and different dead volumes. The...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Our objective was to compare the differential effects of age and drug type on bronchodilator response. DESIGN The design was an unblinded, randomized crossover study. SETTING An ambulatory pulmonary drug study unit was the setting. PATIENTS Nineteen young (18 to 25 yr) and 17 elderly (greater than 65 yr) stable asthmatic subjects were studied. INTERVENTIONS AND MEASUREME...

OBJECTIVES To compare the effect of nebulized racemic epinephrine to nebulized racemic albuterol on successful discharge from the emergency department (ED). METHODS Children up to their 18th month of life presenting to two teaching hospital EDs with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis who were ill enough to warrant treatment but did not need immediate intubation were eligible for this doubl...

BACKGROUND This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to systematically evaluate the value of albuterol in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). DATA SOURCES Randomized controlled trials on albuterol treatment of ARDS from its inception to October 2014 were searched systematically. The databases searched included: PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Co...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To compare clinical efficacy, patient outcomes, and medical costs in hospitalized patients treated with levalbuterol to those treated with racemic albuterol. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. SETTING A 180-bed community hospital. PATIENTS Patients admitted to Halifax Regional Hospital with a diagnosis code for COPD or asthma from July 1 to December 31, 1998, and from Jul...

BACKGROUND There is controversy about the development of bronchodilator subsensitivity after regular administration of long-acting beta(2)-agonists. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether regular treatment with formoterol affects the bronchodilator response to repeated puffs of albuterol, and also to assess the effects of acute administration of a bolus dose of IV or inha...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have raised concerns regarding the safety of regular use of beta2-agonists for treating asthma. Few studies have explored the safety of at least 1 year of use of racemic albuterol, and none have examined long-term dosing of levalbuterol. OBJECTIVE To examine the long-term safety of levalbuterol hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) vs racemic albuterol HFA administered via meter...

INTRODUCTION Aerosolized albuterol delivery is a mainstay treatment for bronchoconstriction; however, almost no data exist that evaluate the clinical outcome of instillation of an endotracheal liquid bolus (ELB) of a bronchodilator directly into the airway. METHODS This randomized trial sought to evaluate the efficacy of albuterol lavage via artificial airway with accompanied patient position...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine physician management choices for hospitalized premature infants with bronchiolitis compared with erm infants and to evaluate predictors of steroid use in premature infants. METHODS A chart review was conducted of premature and nonpremature infants admitted to 2 children's hospitals with bronchiolitis. Reviewers selected charts based on Intern...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of a novel mask device in limiting cold air exercise-induced decline in lung function in subjects with a history of exercise-induced asthma (EIA). SETTING In spite of appropriate medical therapy, many asthma patients are limited in cold weather activities. DESIGN In study 1, 13 asthmatic subjects performed two randomized, single-blind treadmill exe...