this study concerns the taxonomic status of hordeum marinum sensu lato in iran. itsgeographical distribution in iran has been reported. based on the morphological study, the taxoncontains two subspecies: marinum and gussoneanum (parl.) thell. in iran. morphological descriptionsalong with a key separating the two subspecies are provided. furthermore, morphological variations ofthe subspecies of ...

Abstract Oral diseases caused by various microorganisms are common around the world. Scientific research has now been focusing on novel medicines to overcome bacterial resistance and antibiotics side effects; therefore, current study was designed assess efficacy of certain antibiotics, toothpaste, medicinal plant extracts (Ajuga bracteosa Curcuma longa) versus pathogens isolated from human oral...

INTRODUCTION Ajuga turkestanica is a plant used in traditional medicine for its high ecdysteroid content, including the presence of the particularly active turkesterone, which possess efficient anabolic activity. OBJECTIVES To isolate and identify minor ecdysteroids present in a semi-purified plant fraction containing ca. 70% turkesterone. MATERIAL AND METHODS Multi-step preparative HPLC (c...

The taxonomic and phylogenetic status of several taxa previously recognized as subspecies inAstragalus sect. Anthylloidei is re-assessed based on DNA sequences and morphologicalfeatures. We focused on Astragalus ebenoides (subsp. ebenoides and subsp. naghadehensis),Astragalus murinus (subsp. murins and subsp. bornmuelleri), Astragalus remotiflorus (subsp.remotiflorus and subsp. melanogramma), A...

The synonymous substitution rate varies widely among species, but it is generally quite stable within a genome due to the absence of strong selective pressures. In plants, plastid genes tend to evolve faster than mitochondrial genes, rate variation among species generally correlates between the mitochondrial and plastid genomes, and few examples of intragenomic rate heterogeneity exist. To stud...