Excitation spectrum of a half-quantum vortex in a p-wave superconductor contains a zero-energy Majorana fermion. This results in a degeneracy of the ground state of the system of several vortices. From the properties of the solutions to Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations in the vortex core we derive the non-Abelian statistics of vortices identical to that for the Moore-Read (Pfaffian) quantum Hall ...

Magnetic vortices are characterized by the sense of in-plane magnetization circulation and by the polarity of the vortex core. With each having two possible states, there are four possible stable magnetization configurations that can be utilized for a multibit memory cell. Dynamic control of vortex core polarity has been demonstrated using both alternating and pulsed magnetic fields and current...

In type II superconductors, the dynamics of superconducting vortices determine their transport properties. In the Ginzburg-Landau theory, vortices correspond to topological defects in the complex order parameter. Extracting their precise positions and motion from discretized numerical simulation data is an important, but challenging, task. In the past, vortices have mostly been detected by anal...

We consider two types of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation in 2D bounded domains: the heat-flow equation and the Schrödinger equation. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the vortex solutions of these equations when the vortex core size is much smaller than the inter-vortex distance. Using the method of the asymptotic expansion near the vortices, we obtain the systems of ordinary dif...

To avoid the generation of air-entraining vortices at a projected outlet structure in an existing reservoir of a pumped-storage plant, large-scale model tests were conducted. The model, with a scale of 1:18, had the considerable dimensions of 30 m in length and 16 m in width. Due to the complex shape of the reservoir, the many inlets and outlets, and numerous operating conditions, very complex ...

Context. The existence of large-scale and long-lived 2D vortices in accretion discs has been debated for more than a decade. They appear spontaneously in several 2D disc simulations and they are known to accelerate planetesimal formation through a dust trapping process. In some cases, these vortices may even lead to an efficient way to transport angular momentum in protoplanetary discs when MHD...

Mesoscale vortices are one of several types of wintertime lake-effect structures that are observed over the Great Lakes region as cold arctic air is rapidly modified from below by warm lake waters. These vortices are thought to occur less frequently than other lake-effect structures, such as wind-parallel snowbands (e.g., Kristovich 1993), which are responsible for greater than half of the year...

Saturn's poles exhibit an unexpected symmetry in hot, cyclonic polar vortices, despite huge seasonal differences in solar flux. The cores of both vortices are depleted in phosphine gas, probably resulting from subsidence of air into the troposphere. The warm cores are present throughout the upper troposphere and stratosphere at both poles. The thermal structure associated with the marked hexago...

We demonstrate how conservation of longitudinal magnetization can have pronounced effects on both stability and structure of vortices in the atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate by providing a systematic characterization of nonsingular and singular vortex states. Constructing spinor wave functions for vortex states that continuously connect ferromagnetic and polar phases, we systematically de...