Regionalism is an integral part of the broader economic policy reforms that have occurred in the Western Hemisphere over the last decade. This chapter examines the dynamic effects of regional integration arrangements in the Western Hemisphere on the U.S. economy, including U.S. agriculture and agricultural trade, by taking into account changes in saving-investment and capital accumulation. Thro...

Problem statement: One of the main targets of Iran’s economic development plans in agricultural sector during the recent years was to augment agricultural exports and establish a positive trade balance in this sector. In this research the impact of macroeconomic indicators of Iran and its 20 trading partners on Iran’s agricultural trade balance had been investigated. Approach: The ARDL approach...

The evidence of intra-industry trade (IIT) is one of the most important empirical findings in international trade literature, though its empirical background is poorly developed. The article contributes to the empirical literature by analysing the effects of EU accession on intra-industry trade by using the Grubel-Lloyd index. Results show that agricultural trade between Hungary and EU15 in 200...

In the literature of new trade theory, most studies have dealt with industrial location by imposing an assumption of free transportation in the agricultural sector. We explicitly incorporate arbitrary transport costs in both the manufacturing and agricultural sectors into the Helpman-Krugman-Davis model of two countries and one production factor. The following results are obtained. First, we fi...

This paper investigates whether or not the J-curve hypothesis holds in Turkish agricultural sector. The analysis is conducted using the model the most commonly employed in j-curve literature. Based on the data covering the period from 1986: I to 1998: III, our results indicate that, following devaluation, agricultural trade balance initially improves, then worsens, and then improves again. This...

the concept of virtual water trade refers to transact of the water consumed for production of goods and agricultural products through international trade. the anthony allan introduced this concept to improve global water used efficiency. in this paper, the original theory of allen has been investigated through incorporating virtual water as a factor of production in heckscher-ohlin internationa...

This paper investigates empirically the factors that influence real agricultural wage rates in Ghana, based on 1957 to 1991 data. The Johansen cointegration framework is used to examine long-run relationships among agricultural and urban wage rates, the domestic terms of trade between agriculture and nonagriculture, urban unemployment, capital stock in agriculture and the size of the rural popu...

Trade and food security discussions have changed significantly in recent years, reflecting a more general change in perspective on “the right price of food” (Swinnen 2011). Until 2007 the dominant view was that low prices for agricultural products were causing poverty and food insecurity among poor households in developing countries. Trade policy discussions emphasized the importance of reducin...

Although it is often argued that liberalization provides opportunities for growth and development in all over the world, there are divergent views about the effects of agricultural trade liberalization on growth and income distribution in developing countries. The developing countries’ main complaint in this regard is that trade distorting activities in agriculture by developed countries advers...

he previous chapters have demonstrated that global integration , expanding and changing world agricultural markets, and heightened environmental concerns are defining new policy challenges and opportunities for the United States. These trends manifest themselves in global markets that demand growing amounts of value-added agricultural products; an emerging environmental agenda that extends beyo...