This thesis provides a rigorous statistical analysis of whether agricultural best management practices (BMPs) have reduced total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) loads from dairy farms in the Cannonsville Reservoir basin in New York State, a drinking water supply for New York City. This paper introduces the use of a simulation model as a control site in a paired watershed analysis as a technique that...

Autograft is considered the gold standard in non-union treatment. However, it is associated with significant morbidity and limited biological activity. The introduction of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) has added a valuable tool to the surgeon's possibilities. The initial expectations of the effectiveness of BMPs were high, but over the years the union rate of BMPs was shown to be comparabl...

Discovered in 1965, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of cytokines from the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) superfamily with significant roles in bone and cartilage formation. BMPs are used as powerful osteoinductive components of diverse tissue-engineering products for the healing of bone. Several BMPs with different physiological roles have been identified in humans. Th...

This commentary is a concise discussion of the interactions between bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their binding proteins in bone and cartilage morphogenesis. BMPs are a family of growth and differentiation factors, and they act on mesenchymal cells to induce cartilage and bone differentiation in concentration-dependent thresholds. The BMP-BMP receptor binding leads to a cascade of sign...

Agricultural nonpoint source pollution remains a persistent environmental problem, despite the large amount of money that has been spent on its abatement. At local scales, agricultural best management practices (BMPs) have been shown to be effective at reducing nutrient and sediment inputs to surface waters. However, these effects have rarely been found to act in concert to produce measurable, ...

Nitrate is one of the most complicated forms nitrogen found in aquatic surface systems, which results eutrophication water. During last few decades, due to agriculture and animal husbandry activities, as well urban development, a significant amount pollutants have accumulated Jajrood river northern Iran. In this research, we simulated nitrate load rural watershed assess outlet stream’s qualitat...

Hydrologic/water quality models are increasingly used to explore management and policy alternatives for managing water quality and quantity from intensive silvicultural practices with best management practices (BMPs) in forested watersheds due to the limited number of and cost of conducting watershed monitoring. The Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model was field-tested using ...

With Best Management Practices (BMPs) being used increasingly to control losses of major agricultural pollutants to surface waters, establishing the effectiveness of these practices has become important. A methodology was developed for determining cost-effective watershed scenarios. This technique combines three existing tools: a genetic algorithm (GA), a watershedlevel nonpoint source model (S...

Estimating non-point source pollution from watersheds and the effects of mitigation measures (e.g. beneficial management practices or BMPs) is an important step in managing and protecting water quality, not only at the basin level where it originates, but also at the receiving waters such as reservoirs, lakes or oceans. Lake Winnipeg is a prime example of such land-lake interactions, where eutr...

Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are well known for their influence on cell fate determination, proliferation and differentiation during early embryogenesis. Here, we review evidence for BMPs playing an additional, ongoing role in the proliferation and differentiation of neural precursor and progenitor cells in postnatal and adult central nervous system (CNS) and in CNS injury. The effects of B...