By KI sI IO AH0 AND CHARLES L. CHRISTIAN I HE TREATMENT of red cells with some proteolytic enzymes has proved to be a suitable technic for the detection of a variety of blood group antibodies which coat but do not agglutinate erythrocytes in physiologic saline. The mechanism of this enzyme effect is not well understood. There is evidence that the antibodies revealed by the enzyme technic are no...

The adenovirus fiber mediates the agglutination of erythrocytes. Based on differential hemagglutinating properties, subgenus D adenoviruses can be subdivided into clusters DI, DII, and DIII. While subgenus DI adenoviruses agglutinate rat and human erythrocytes, DII adenoviruses simply agglutinate rat erythrocytes and DIII adenoviruses display no or only weak rat erythrocyte agglutination. Amino...

Treatment of porcine immunoglobulin M (IgM) with pepsin at pH 4.6 and 37 degrees C was found to gradually remove Fab arms and Cmicro2 domains over a period of 18h. Structural studies failed to find any other change. The main products can therefore be regarded as IgM-like molecules with limited numbers of Fab arms and Cmicro2 domains. Results indicated that this removal of Fab arms is probably a...

The ability to isolate and propagate influenza virus is an essential tool for the yearly surveillance of circulating virus strains and to ensure accurate clinical diagnosis for appropriate treatment. The suitability of MDCK-SIAT1 cells, engineered to express increased levels of alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, as an alternative to conventional MDCK cells for isolation of circulating infl...

A major goal of gonococcal research is the development of a gonorrheal vaccine. A vaccine candidate is the major outer membrane protein (PI) of the gonococcus, which has limited antigenic variability. Two main subtypes, PIA and PIB, and nine main serotypes have been described. To avoid raising anti-protein III (PIII)-blocking antibodies and limit potential lipooligosaccharide toxicity, PI was c...

In 1942 Taylor, Race, Prior, and Ikin reported an anti-Rh serum which failed to agglutinate Rhpositive cells in saline suspension except when diluted. They thought that this prozone was due to antigen and antibody not being present in optimal proportions, and that the mechanism was similar to that of the zones that occur in precipitation reactions. Wiener (1944) described incomplete Rh antibodi...

Cold agglutinins are of unique relevance in cardiac surgerybecause of the use of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cold autoimmune diseases are defined by the presence of abnormal circulating proteins (usually IgM or IgA antibodies) that agglutinate in response to a decrease in body temperature. These disorders include cryoglobulinemia and cold hemagglutinin disease.Immunoglobulin M aut...

In 1942 Taylor, Race, Prior, and Ikin reported an anti-Rh serum which failed to agglutinate Rhpositive cells in saline suspension except when diluted. They thought that this prozone was due to antigen and antibody not being present in optimal proportions, and that the mechanism was similar to that of the zones that occur in precipitation reactions. Wiener (1944) described incomplete Rh antibodi...