Earlier research has shown that adaptive routing can help in improving network performance. However, it has not received adequate attention in commercial routers mainly due to the additional hardware complexity, and the perceived cost and performance degradation that may result from this complexity. These concerns can be mitigated if one can design a cost-effective router that can support adapt...

Swarm intelligence inspired by the social behavior of ants boasts a number of attractive features, including adaptation, robustness and distributed, decentralized nature, which are well suited for routing in modern communication networks. This paper describes an adaptive swarm-based routing algorithm that increases convergence speed, reduces routing instabilities and oscillations by using a nov...

Routing efficiency is one of the challenges offered by Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). This paper proposes a novel routing technique called Adaptive Link-Weight (ALW) routing protocol. ALW adaptively selects an optimum route on the basis of available bandwidth, low delay and long route lifetime. The technique adapts a cross-layer framework where the ALW is integrated with application and physi...

In this paper we present two versions of AntNet, a novel approach to adaptive learning of routing tables in wide area best-effort datagram networks. AntNet is a distributed multi-agent system inspired by the stigmergy model of communication observed in ant colonies. We report simulation results for AntNet on realistically sized networks using as performance measures throughput, packet delays an...

In this paper we present AntNet, a novel adaptive approach to routing tables learning in packet-switched communications networks. AntNet is inspired by the stigmergy model of communication observed in ant colonies. We present compelling evidence that AntNet, when measuring performance by standard measures such as network throughput and average packet delay, outperforms the current Internet rout...

20 and topologies. As in the case of 2D meshes with double y channels, the turn model may reveal more adaptive routing algorithms than were previously known. For example, 24 of the 32 turns in a double-xy network can be allowed and still prevent deadlock, while the double-xy routing algorithm allows only 8 (Figure 2). Finally, we limited our exploration of routers with six bidirectional network...

This paper describes and evaluates how confidence values can be used to improve the quality of exploration in Q-Routing for adaptive packet routing in communication networks. In Q-Routing each node in the network has a routing decision maker that adapts, on-line, to learn routing policies that can sustain high network loads and have low average packet delivery time. These decision makers mainta...

This paper describes and evaluates how confidence values can be used to improve the quality of exploration in QRouting for adaptive packet routing in communication networks. In Q-Routing each node in the network has a routing decision maker that adapts, on-line, to learn routing policies that can sustain high network loads and have low average packet delivery time. These decision makers maintai...

This paper introduces AntNet, a novel adaptive approach to routing tables learning in connectionless communications networks. AntNet is inspired by the stigmergy communication model observed in ant colonies. We compare AntNet with the current Internet routing algorithm (OSPF), some old Internet routing algorithms (SPF and distributed adaptive Bellman-Ford), and recently proposed forms of asynch...