Increasing the etching rate is one of main optimization targets in chemical machining (CM). Traditionally, this target fulfilled by some costly techniques like selecting stronger etchants and increasing etchant concentration. Also, other methods temperature stirring agitators are employed for rate. One advantages these reduction consumption acidic which results cost making an eco-friendley proc...

Background and aims. Nano-ionomer (NI) interacts with tooth structures superficially, and there is a concern about the enamel bonding ability of mild self-etch Ketac primer. This study compared the effect of different adhesive procedures (self-etching and etch-and-rinse approach) on long-term marginal microleakage of nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer (NI) cervical restorations. Materials...

Plasma-thermal atomic layer etching is a promising technique to enable selective and directional on metals. It involves plasma activation step thermal where etchant molecules remove fraction of the surface. To accelerate process development, computational model for thermodynamics removal highly desirable. An energy expression developed here calculate an activated slab structure. The approach sa...

A novel microfluidic fabrication technique which allows in situ formed silicon microchannels and does not necessitate substrate bonding is presented. A gas-permeable polymer membrane acts as the top surface of the microchannel, allowing xenon difluoride (XeF2) etchant to pass unobstructed to the silicon substrate. Exposed silicon areas on the wafer are then etched isotropically.

This paper presents an interactive on-line wet etch simulator (SEGS) which predicts the etched shape as a function of time for arbitrary isotropic or anisotropic etchants and any initial mask shape. Using any Java-enabled web browser users can draw initial masks, choose the etchant, simulate the etching, and view animation results. SEGS can be accessed at http://mira.me.tuns.ca/

Slippery flooring often leads to unintentional slips and falls, which results in traumatic injuries. To reduce slipping risks, adequate traction at the shoe contact is essential. In addition, viscous slippery contaminants like water or oil a floor’s performance increase hazards. this work, effect of commonly available protective floor coatings on safety-labelled shoes was extensively studied. T...

A clean and defect-free substrate/coating interface is required to guarantee good adhesion of coatings under service conditions. For this purpose, an etching pre-treatment using High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) was performed modify the surface 304L stainless steel. The effect three procedures on substrate properties, such as corrosion resistance adhesion, investigated with unpre...