Even though positive relations between children's motor ability and their academic achievement are frequently reported, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Executive function has indeed been proposed, but hardly tested as a potential mediator. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the mediating role of executive function in the relationship between motor ability and aca...

In the interactive algorithms for multicriteria optimization the decision maker (DM) may express his/her preferences among the separate Pareto optimal solutions with the help of the values of the scalarizing problem parameters. The DM must choose the final (most preferred) solution and be responsible for this selection. The interactive methods are the best developed and wide spread methods. Thi...

This article reports an experimental analysis on stochastic local search for approximating the Pareto set of bi-objective unconstrained binary quadratic programming problems. First, we investigate two scalarizing strategies that iteratively identify a high-quality solution for a sequence of sub-problems. Each sub-problem is based on a static or adaptive definition of weighted-sum aggregation co...

The career path in academic medicine is full of exciting opportunities as well as great achievements and discoveries. In this review, we discuss various obstacles that fellows face as they explore career opportunities in academic hematology/oncology. We also share thoughts on what might be considered steps for success in maneuvering through a search for the "right" position. We discuss several ...

Since its creation in 1936, the Wellcome Trust has carried out the wishes of its founder in the promotion ofresearch in medical science and in the history ofmedicine. Its achievements have been recently chronicled by A. R. Hall and B. A. Bembridge in a volume reviewed on pp. 473-475 below, and, more briefly, by Lord Franks in the following retrospect. It would be superfluous here to describe th...

Childhood socioeconomic status (SES), as measured by parental education and family income, is highly predictive of academic achievement, but little is known about how specific cognitive systems shape SES disparities in achievement outcomes. This study investigated the extent to which executive function (EF) mediated associations between parental education and family income and changes in readin...

Metacognitive and Affective Factors Involved in High and Low Math Achievement J. Mesraabaadi, Ph.D. A. Reza'ee, Ph.D. To identify the extent to which different cognitive and affective factors are involved in high and low math achievement, a cluster sample of 313 high and low achieving eight graders in Tabreez was given a set of measures on math achievement, attitude towards sc...

Metacognitive Orientation of the Class and the Students' Metacognitive Awareness and Academic Achievement R. Chaalmeh M. Foolaadchang, Ph.D. Given that the metacognitive orientation of a group of students depends on their metacognitive awareness, to assess the strength of this relation and its role in academic achievement, a cluster sample of 213 high school students with the ...

In 1867, Federico Delpino, with his seminal work "Pensieri sulla biologia vegetale" (Thoughts on plant biology) established plant biology by defining it not in the broad general sense, namely as the science of living beings, but as a branch of natural science dedicated to the study of plant life in relation to the environment. Today, the figure and achievements of this outstanding plant scienti...

Oral narrative production develops dramatically from 3 to 5 years of age, and is a key factor in a child's ability to communicate about the world. Concomitant with this are developments in executive function (EF). For example, executive attention and behavioral inhibition show marked development beginning around 4 years of age. Both EF and oral narrative abilities have important implications fo...