We present a new measurement of the mass of the Milky Way (MW) based on observed properties of its largest satellite galaxies, the Magellanic Clouds (MCs), and an assumed prior of a ΛCDM universe. The large, high-resolution Bolshoi cosmological simulation of this universe provides a means to statistically sample the dynamical properties of bright satellite galaxies in a large population of dark...

Analysis of a portion of Vostok ice core number 5G, which is thought to contain frozen water derived from Lake Vostok, Antarctica (a body of liquid water located beneath about 4 kilometers of glacial ice), revealed between 2 x 10(2) and 3 x 10(2) bacterial cells per milliliter and low concentrations of potential growth nutrients. Lipopolysaccharide (a Gram-negative bacterial cell biomarker) was...

We analyse the kinematics and chemistry of the bulge stars of two simulated disc galaxies using our chemodynamical galaxy evolution code GCD+. First we compare stars that are born inside the galaxy with those that are born outside the galaxy and are accreted into the centre of the galaxy. Stars that originate outside of the bulge are accreted into it early in its formation within 3 Gyrs so that...

Prompted by the discovery of the accreted Canis Major dwarf galaxy and its associated globular cluster (GC) system (Martin et al.), we investigate the contribution of accreted GCs to the Galactic system. The Canis Major GCs, and those associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, exhibit a range of galactocentric radii, prograde and retro-grade motions, and horizontal branch morphologies, indic...

We model the evolution of the abundances of light elements in carbon-enhanced metalpoor (CEMP) stars, under the assumption that such stars are formed by mass transfer in a binary system. We have modelled the accretion of material ejected by an asymptotic giant branch star on to the surface of a companion star. We then examine three different scenarios: one in which the material is mixed only by...

We use the “Millennium Simulation” to study the mass function of accreted sub-halos during merger events in the dark halo assembly history. Our study includes three kinds of sub-halo mergers: (1) mergers that happen to the main progenitor of dark halos; (2) mergers that happen on the entire merging history tree of dark halos; and (3) mergers that leave identifiable sub-halos in present-day dark...

Analytical expressions are obtained for the stress field in a sphere that has grown by accretion while rotating about an axis at a speed which may vary during the accretion process. It is assumed that accretion occurs by the adherence of infinitesimal particles that are stress free at the instant of attachment and that the material of the sphere behaves elastically once it has accreted. The res...

In this paper we present calculations of period distribution for old accreting isolated neutron stars (INSs). At the age about few billions years low velocity INSs come to the stage of accretion. At that stage their period evolution is governed by magnetic braking and accreted angular momentum. Due to turbulence of the interstellar medium (ISM) accreted momentum can both accelerate and decelera...