Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and no effective therapy is currently available. We show here that PPARγ levels are elevated in cells derived from ATC. Depletion of PPARγ in HTh74 ATC cells resulted in decreased cell growth, cell cycle arrest and a reduction in pRb and cyclin A and B1 levels. We further showed that both flank a...

BACKGROUND/AIM Orthotopic (literally "correct place") implantation of cancer in nude mice has long been known to be superior to subcutaneous transplantation because the orthotopic tumor can metastasize. We reported previously on surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of gastric cancer tissue in nude mice resulting in the formation of metastases in 100% of the mice with extensive primary growth ...

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is characterized by pleomorphic cells, has a poor prognosis, is highly devastating disease, and is not curable. No reliable biomarkers of metastatic potential, helpful for early diagnosis of ATC and therapeutic response have been found yet. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) plays a fundamental role in cancer progression by regulating cell stromal ...

Nude mice have been used to develop s.c. growing human stomach tumors, but these rarely metastasize. Recently, I. J. Fidler and others have developed orthotopic implantation metastatic models using cell suspensions which are inoculated into the corresponding organ of nude mice from which the tumor cells were originally derived in the human. However, recent work has indicated that disaggregated ...

BACKGROUND A case of congenital hypothyroidism with goiter (CHG) in a juvenile French bulldog was identified and hypothesized to be caused by dyshormonogenesis of genetic etiology. OBJECTIVES To describe case management, unusual phenotypic aspects, and a CHG-causing mutation in a French bulldog. ANIMALS Thyroid tissue and blood from a CHG-affected French bulldog and 4 normal control dogs an...

In this study, we identified differential expression of immunoreactive matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)/ gelatinase A, membrane-anchored MT1-MMP/MMP14, and human relaxin-2 (RLN2) in human benign and malignant thyroid tissues. MMP2 and MT1-MMP were detected in the majority of thyroid cancer tissues and colocalized with RLN2-positive cells. MMP2 was mostly absent in goiter tissues and, similar t...

TTF-1 and PAX-8 are tissue-specific transcription factors expressed in the thyroid follicular cells, contributing to the maintenance of the differ entiated phenotype. In fact, it has been demonstrated that TTF-1 and PAX-S are able to activate transcription from thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase (TPO) promoters, the transcriptional activity of which is in vivo restricted only to the thyroid foll...

In this study, we identified differential expression of immunoreactive matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)/gelatinase A, membrane-anchored MT1-MMP/MMP14, and human relaxin-2 (RLN2) in human benign and malignant thyroid tissues. MMP2 and MT1-MMP were detected in the majority of thyroid cancer tissues and colocalized with RLN2-positive cells. MMP2 was mostly absent in goiter tissues and, similar to...