purpose: propofol is one of the most common drugs used in anesthesia induction and the pain during its intravenous injection is one of the most important side effectsthat it has. therefore, many methods and drugs have been examined so far to reduce or eliminate this side effect. in this study a lot the effects of alfentanil, magnesium sulfate and ketamine drugs on reducing the pain during intra...

Sample size calculation plays an important role in clinical research. In clinical research, a sufficient number of patients is necessary to ensure the validity and the success of an intended trial. From a statistical point of view, if a clinically meaningful difference between a study treatment and a control truly exists, such a difference can always be detected with an arbitrary power as long ...

Abstract The researchers have been interested to explore the impact of personality traits on second or foreign language learning. The current study is an attempt to investigate whether there exists a statistically significant relationship between introvert and extrovert EFL learners’ willingness to communicate and ambiguity tolerance. To this end, a total of 150 EFL learners completed the Intro...

We often describe lives (or parts of lives) as meaningful or as not meaningful. It is also common to characterize them as more or less meaningful. Some lives, we tend to think, are more meaningful than others. But how then can one compare lives with respect to how much meaning they contain? Can one? This paper argues that (i) only a notion of rough equality can be used when comparing different ...

An important focus for meaningful use criteria is to engage patients in their care by allowing them online access to their health information, including test results. There has been little evaluation of such initiatives. Using a mixed methods analysis of electronic health record data, surveys, and qualitative interviews, we examined the impact of allowing patients to view their test results via...

the goal for this research is to study the relationship between locus of control and achievement motivation with test anxiety among the master students of the azad university, olum tahghighat unit in 2010-2011. considering the morgan table the number of sample individuals for this research was 370. also cluster double sampling method was used. for collection of data three questions and theories...