Aggregate amyloid beta protein1-42 (Aβ1-42) can typically be found in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ1-42 self-assembles and is highly toxic to neurons. Thus, recognizing aggregated Aβ1-42 is very important for elucidation of Aβ1-42 structure and for the diagnosis of AD. In this study, the specificity of the 79-3 monoclonal antibody against soluble aggregate Aβ1-42 was measured ...

The cell-surface receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in the development of diabetic vascular complications and Alzheimer's disease. RAGE has been considered to be involved in amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) uptake into brain. In the present study, we demonstrate that endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE), a decoy form of RAGE generated by alternative RNA processing, is a...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive reserve and concentration of Aβ1-42 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with mild cognitive impairment, those with Alzheimer's disease, and in control subjects. METHODS Thirty-three participants from the Argentina-Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database completed a cognitive batter...

The inflammatory responses in Alzheimer's disease and prion diseases are dominated by microglia activation. Three different phenotypes of microglial activation, namely classical activation, alternative activation, and acquired deactivation, have been described. In this study, we investigated the effect of amyloidogenic fragments of amyloid β and prion proteins (Aβ1-42 and PrP106-126) on various...

INTRODUCTION We aimed to assess the feasibility of determining Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cut points in small samples through comparison with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS Twenty-three individuals (19 patients, four controls) had CSF measures of amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42 and total tau/Aβ1-42 ratio, and florbetapir PET. We compared CSF measures with visual ...

Increasing evidence demonstrates that β-amyloid (Aβ) elicits oxidative stress, which contributes to the pathogenesis and disease progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aims of the present study were to determine and explore the antioxidant nature and potential mechanism of vanillic acid (VA) in Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation mediated cognitive impairment in mice. An...

Neuroinflammation induced by beta-amyloid (Aβ) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and inhibiting Aβ-induced neuroinflammation serves as a potential strategy for the treatment of AD. Oridonin (Ori), a compound of Rabdosia rubescens, has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we demonstrated that Ori inhibited glial activation and decreas...

The present study investigated the effects of Vaccinium uliginosum L. (bilberry) on the learning and memory impairments induced by amyloid-β protein (AβP) 1-42. ICR Swiss mice were divided into 4 groups: the control (Aβ40-1A), control with 5% bilberry group (Aβ40-1B), amyloid β protein 1-42 treated group (Aβ1-42A), and Aβ1-42 with 5% bilberry group (Aβ1-42B). The control was treated with amyloi...

Cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is associated with a decline in the levels of growth factors, impairment of axonal transport and marked degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). Neurogenesis persists in the adult human brain, and the stimulation of regenerative processes in the CNS is an attractive prospect for neuroreplacement therapy in neurodegene...

Objective In this study we investigated the relationships between CSF biomarkers (tau and amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42)) and cognition or behaviour in patients with Frontotemporal dementia (the behavioural variant, bvFTD). Methods We included 58 patients with bvFTD. All patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment and lumbar puncture. Relationships between CSF biomarkers and cognition or beha...