Introdouction: The major demand for orthodontic treatment is associated with esthetic complaints rather than with the severity of occlusal irregularities. This study evaluated the relationship between orthodontic treatment need based on index of complexity, outcome, and need (ICON) and orthodontic- specific quality of life (QOL) among high school students in Shiraz. Materials and methods: Base...

Results Questionnaires were completed by 234 (93.6%) of 250 children who were approached. The mean age of the children was 14.3 (range 13-15 years). 70 (29%) were girls and 141 (60%) were boys; 23 (9.8%) did not fill in the personal details. 12 girls had driven a car or bike, of which 6 always, 4 sometimes and 2 never had driven without a helmet/seat-belt. 66 boys had driven a car or bike of wh...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The roles of the many bioactive peptides in the pathogenesis of celiac disease remain unclear. To evaluate the serum concentrations of insulin, ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, leptin receptor, and lipocalin-2 in children with celiac disease who do and do not adhere to a gluten-free diet (GFD, intermittent adherence). METHODS Prepubertal, pubertal, and adolescent celiac children ...

BACKGROUND School visits to farms are a positive educational experience but pose risks due to the spread of zoonotic infections. A lesson plan to raise awareness about microbes on the farm and preventative behaviours was developed in response to the Griffin Investigation into the E. coli outbreak associated with Godstone Farm in 2009. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the delivery of th...

we aimed to investigate the efficacy of coping cat protocol on coping strategies of girls and boys with internalized disorders. a true experimental method in the form of pre-test and post-test. the study population consisted of all children with internalized disorders in tehran. the sample consisted of 80 children aged 9 to 11 years (40 boys and 40girls) with internalized disorders were based o...

We aimed to investigate the efficacy of coping cat protocol on coping strategies of girls and boys with internalized disorders. A true experimental method in the form of pre-test and post-test. The study population consisted of all children with internalized disorders in Tehran. The sample consisted of 80 children aged 9 to 11 years (40 boys and 40girls) with internalized disorders were based o...

Lumbar lordosis (LL) is more prominent in women than in men, but the mechanisms responsible for this discrepancy are poorly defined. A recent study indicates that newborn girls have smaller vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA) when compared to boys-a difference that persists throughout life and is independent of body size. We determined the relations between vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA)...

OBJECTIVES We investigated the prevalence of scoliosis among primary school students in Sivas, Turkey. METHODS To determine the prevalence of scoliosis among primary school students in the age bracket of 10 to 15 years, 11 primary schools were selected with systematic sampling. A total of 3,175 students (1,538 girls, 1,637 boys) of grades 6 to 8 were selected from 16,103 students using a stra...

abstract background: emotional intelligence as the ability to understand one and others, to communicate with people, to adapt and cope with environmental stress is defined. skills such as self-awareness, self-management, emotional awareness, emotional intelligence, relationship management as a recognized are four skills methods: this descriptive cross-sectional correlation in the 92-91 school y...