Global DNA methylation of long interspersed nucleotide elements (LINE-1) in leukocytes has been suggested to be a risk factor for a few cancers. There has been no report of LINE-1 methylation in leukocytes as a risk factor for aggressive prostate cancer at diagnosis and prognosis after treatments. In this study, we measured the leukocyte DNA methylation of LINE-1 in 795 PCa patients and compare...

A 65 year old male retired farmer presented with an inability to fully straighten the ring finger and little finger of his right hand. This had progressed over the past two years and he had recently noticed a “rope like” swelling in his palm. He had no history of trauma and no medical history of note, except that he had smoked until 10 years earlier and had a 90 pack year history. His father ha...

Excessive alcohol consumption, the fourth leading preventable cause of death in the United States, resulted in approximately 88,000 deaths and 2.5 million years of potential life lost (YPLL) annually during 2006-2010 and cost an estimated $223.5 billion in 2006. To estimate state-specific average annual rates of alcohol-attributable deaths (AAD) and YPLL caused by excessive alcohol use, 11 stat...

Results Alcohol and tobacco use were not significant risk factors in female patients; 1(12.5%) female reported 1 pack year history of smoking and none consumed alcohol. Smoking (71.5% of patients) and regular alcohol consumption (57.2% of patients) were common risk factors in men. Exposure to smoke from cooking on wood fires was common in females (87.5%) spending on average 3 hours cooking insi...

BACKGROUND Globally, more than one-third of mortalities in children under five years of age are attributable to malnutrition. The prevalence of malnourished children in Pakistan is inclining. A knowledge gap exists due to availability of limited literature about the nutritional status of children in rural Baluchistan. Therefore, this study assessed the magnitude and factors associated with nutr...

OBJECTIVES To estimate premature mortality by age, sex and cause of death in India. BACKGROUND Studies on premature mortality in India are limited. Although evidence suggests recent reductions in infant and child mortality, little is known about the age and sex patterns of premature deaths in India. METHODS Secondary data from the Sample Registration System and, census of India and report o...

AIM To document over-time per capita alcohol consumption and connection between per capita alcohol consumption and indicators of short and long term alcohol-related harm. METHODS Registered alcohol consumption was calculated from the data on production and trade of alcoholic beverages, using World Health Organization recommended methodology for the 1981-2002 period. The indicators of alcohol-...

This study aimed to investigate differences between ears in performance on a monaural word recognition in noise test among individuals across a broad range of ages assessed for (C)APD. Word recognition scores in quiet and in speech noise were collected retrospectively from the medical files of 107 individuals between the ages of 7 and 30 years who were diagnosed with (C)APD. No ear advantage wa...