Light at the boundary of a uniform test field (contrast) has a qualitatively different effect on color perception than light in more remote noncontiguous regions (context). Basic properties of color perception with contextual short-wavelength light are assessed here with a 1 degree test field surrounded by either contiguous or noncontiguous 440 or 491 nm light (32 td). Contrasting stimuli are 3...

Effectiveness of furfural as an organic inhibitor in 5 percent hydrochloric acid which is used in acid pickling of steel was evaluated. Lungmuir, Frumkin and Flory-Huggins isotherms [1, 2] were used to determine the parameters of effective adsorption, free energy and entropy of adsorption. Furfural indicated an inhibition less than 17 percent in concentrations of 0.001 mole per liter for a dura...

One of the main goals of the metal-mechanical industries is the reduction of the production costs through the productivity increase. In the attempt to reach this goals, many researchers have been used the hot machining method. This method consists, basically, in the heating of the work piece hundreds of degrees Celsius above room temperature with aid of an external source of heat. Thus, the red...

The timing of phenological events is highly responsive to global environmental change, and shifts in a phenological phase can affect terrestrial ecosystems, agriculture and economics. We analyzed changes in phenology for the spring season in China that occurred between the 1960's and the 2000's using four methods: species-level observations, meta-analysis, satellite measurements and phenology m...

Several features of subfitness are analyzed. Isbell’s Spatiality Theorem leads to the concept of T1-spatiality which is compared with the TD-spatiality. Subfitness is put into relation with other weak separation axioms (and with the existence of nearness), both in spaces and locales, and seeming discrepancies are explained. A new characteristic of subfitness by means of codensity is presented.

The intensity of the "steady-state" fluorescence of "aerobic" Anacystis nidulans is variable under prolonged illumination with orange (590 mmu) or blue (440 mmu) light for both normally photosynthesizing and DCMU-poisoned cells. In general, orange light illumination causes an increase of the fluorescence intensity followed by a decrease, while blue light causes an increase until a steady level ...

In this paper, characterizations of the degree to which a mapping $mathcal{T} : L^{X}longrightarrow M$ is an $(L, M)$-fuzzy topology are studied in detail.What is more, the degree to which an $L$-subset is an $L$-open set with respect to $mathcal{T}$ is introduced.Based on that, the degrees to which a mapping $f: Xlongrightarrow Y$ is continuous,open, closed or a quotient mapping with respect t...

Our primary objective was to determine if rates of fluid-phase endocytosis (FPE) were conserved in hepatocytes from organisms acclimated and adapted to different temperatures. To this aim, the fluorescent dye Lucifer yellow was employed to measure FPE at different assay temperatures (AT) in hepatocytes from 5 degrees C- and 20 degrees C-acclimated trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (at 5 and 20 degrees...

The speed of translatory movement of Beggiatoa alba is governed by temperature in such a way that between 5 degrees and 33 degrees the temperature characteristics micro = 16,100 and micro = 8,400 respectively obtain for the temperature ranges 5 degrees to 16.5 degrees and 16.5 degrees to 33 degrees . The "break" at 16 degrees -17 degrees is emphasized by the occurrence of a wider latitude of va...