The effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1,1-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium (paraquat) upon the electrical potential across the plasma and mitochondrial membranes within synaptosomes has been investigated. MPTP selectively depressed plasma membrane potential while MPP+ specifically reduced mitochondrial potential. The structurally simi...

In the title compound, 0.5C(10)H(10)N(2) (2+)·PF(6) (-)·C(10)H(8)N(2)·2C(7)H(7)NO(2)·H(2)O, the cation is located on a center of symmetry. The crystal structure is determined by a complex three-dimensional network of inter-molecular O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N, N-H⋯N and N-H⋯F hydrogen bonds. π-π stacking inter-actions between neighboring pyridyl rings are also present; the centroid-centroid distance is 3.643...

In the title compound, C(12)H(14)N(2) (2+)·2I(3) (-), the 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium (DMBP) dication is charge balanced by two triiodide ions. The DMBP dication is planar within 0.010 (5) Å. The asymmetric unit contains only half of the dication, the other half being generated by an inversion center. Weak C-H⋯I inter-actions link the ions into sheets parallel to (121).

The title salt, C(10)H(10)N(2) (2+)·2C(7)H(4)NO(4) (-) or (4,4'-bpyH(2))(py-2,3-dcH)(2), prepared by the reaction between pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (py-2,3-dcH(2)) and 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy), consists of two anions and one centrosymmetric dication. In the crystal, there are two strong O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the two carboxyl-ate groups, with an O⋯O distance of 2.478 (1) Å, and a...

in this paper, 4,4ʹ-bipyridinium dichloride  supported sba-15 (sba@bipy2+ 2cl-) was used for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones. the synthesized catalyst was characterized by ft-ir spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscopy (tem) and thermogravimetric analysis (tga). this nanocomposite was shown to be an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthes...

[structure: see text]. The crown ether BPX26C6 forms a [3]pseudorotaxane-like complex with the N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dication both in solution and in the solid state. The facile one-pot synthesis of a [2]rotaxane from neutral precursors-BPX26C6, 4,4'-dipyridyl, and 3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl bromide-suggests that BPX26C6 may bind to (mono)pyridinium cations in a [2]pseudorotaxane-like ma...

Membrane development in organic redox flow batteries (ORFBs) is of significant importance. Herein, we designed a series anion exchange membranes made from poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) with different degrees functionalization, cationic moieties and crosslinking degrees. We tested them N,N,N-2,2,6,6-heptamethylpiperidinyl oxy-4-ammonium chloride/1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (TMA-TE...

The title compound, (C(10)H(10)N(2))[Cu(C(2)O(4))(2)] or (4,4'-H(2)bpy)[Cu(ox)(2)] (bpy is 4,4'-bipyridine and ox is oxalate), is an ion-pair complex comprising a protonated 4,4'-bipyridinium dication and a square-planar dioxalatocopper(II) dianion. In the centrosymmetric dianion, the Cu(II) centre is coordinated by four O atoms from the two dicrete oxalate ligands [Cu-O = 1.9245 (19) and 1.925...