Accurate modelling of individual trees is essential for forestry applications e.g. forestry inventory and biomass estimation. This paper aims to utilise Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS) in order to derive a three dimensional (3D) tree structure and compute its volume. A new approach is proposed and tested to estimate the tree structure and leaf area using precise voxel-based tree models. In thi...

Photogrammetry is a well-established method for the use of heritage recording and documentation, whereas terrestrial laserscanning is a rather new technique for 3D object modelling. Both sensor systems have their individual advantages. This paper describes the combined use of both techniques for the modelling of the statue Marc Anton. This statue, located in the city center of Vienna, has an ap...

Modelling and simulation applications for operations in urban areas often set high resolution and fidelity requirements for the 3D environment models. For applications supporting ongoing operations, e.g decision support, mission planning, etc., additional requirements such as time frame and accessibility to the area of interest must also be taken into account in the modelling task. One possible...

MOTIVATION There are two main areas of difficulty in homology modelling that are particularly important when sequence identity between target and template falls below 50%: sequence alignment and loop building. These problems become magnified with automatic modelling processes, as there is no human input to correct mistakes. As such we have benchmarked several stand-alone strategies that could b...

3D modelling and animation software is typically operated via single-pointer input, imposing a serialised workflow that seems cumbersome in comparison to how humans manipulate objects in the real world. Research has brought forth new interaction techniques for modelling and animation that utilise input with more degrees of freedom or employ both hands to allow more parallel control, yet these a...

Conventional two dimensional(2D) maps and DTMs are insufficient to represent geographic information in urban space comprising high-rise buildings and underground structures. There is a pressing need for a model of three dimensional(3D) representation of urban space, that is, a Digital Urban Space Model(DUSM). However, existing solid modelling techniques cannot be directly applied to the 3D repr...

In this paper we discuss how linguistic and geographic distances can be related using a 3D visualization. We will convert linguistic data for locations along the German-Dutch border to linguistic distances that can be compared directly to geographic distances. This enables us to visualize linguistic distances as "real" distances with the use of the third dimension available in 3D modelling soft...

Time-of-Flight (TOF) cameras are active real time depth sensors. One issue of TOF sensors is measurement noise. In this paper, we present a method for providing the uncertainty associated to 3D TOF measurements based on noise modelling. Measurement uncertainty is the combination of pixel detection error and sensor noise. First, a detailed noise characterization is presented. Then, a continuous ...