Three new ursane-type triterpenoids, 3α,6α,30-trihydroxy-ursan-28-oic acid (1), 3α,30-dihydroxy-6-oxo-ursan-28-oic acid (2) and 3α,6α,7α,30-tetrahydroxy-ursan-28-oic acid (3), together with one known triterpenoid, betulinic acid (4), one known anthraquinone, 1,7-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone (5), four known phenols, 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene (6), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), syringic acid (8), is...

Phytochemical investigation of the 80% ethanol extract of the bulbs of Lycoris radiata resulted in the isolation of five new Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: (+)-5,6-dehydrolycorine (1), (+)-3α,6β-diacetyl-bulbispermine (2), (+)-3α-hydroxy-6β-acetyl- bulbispermine (3), (+)-8,9-methylenedioxylhomolycorine-N-oxide (5), and 5,6-dihydro-5- methyl-2-hydroxyphenanthridine (7), together with two known compo...

Molting hormone (ecdysteroid) is one of the most important hormones in insects. The synthesis and inactivation of the ecdysteroid regulate the developmental process of insects. A major pathway of ecdysone inactivation is that ecdysone is converted to 3-dehydroecdysone, and then further to 3-epiecdysone in insects. Two enzymes (ecdysone oxidase: EO and 3DE-3α-reductase) participate in this pathw...

In virgin female rats, atrial distension (an index of blood volume expansion) causes an increase in c- fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the lateral hypothalamus. During pregnancy, this response is markedly attenuated. We tested the effects of 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (3α-OH-DHP) on activation of central pathways following stimulation of the atrial volume receptors. Not only ...

The three neurexins genes (NRXN1/2/3) encode polymorphic synaptic membrane proteins that are involved in cognitive functioning. Neurexins' selectivity of function is presumably conferred through differential use of 2 promoters and 5 alternative splicing sites (SS#1/2/3/4/5). In day-old rat brain neurons grown in culture, activation (depolarization) induces reversible, calcium dependent, repress...

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a key player in development, physiology and disease. Because of this, GSK-3 inhibitors are increasingly being explored for a variety of applications. In addition most analyses focus on GSK-3β and overlook the closely related protein GSK-3α. Here, we describe novel GSK-3α and GSK-3β mouse alleles that allow us to visualise expression of their respective mRNA...

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(27)H(45)N(3), has been determined as part of our investigation into the hydro-phobic modification of amino-glycoside anti-biotics. The isopropyl group showed disorder for the tertiary carbon (equal occupancies), with high thermal motion for the peripheral atoms of the isopropyl and azide groups also apparent in the structure. The axial disposition ...

www.aacrjournals.org ABSTRACT Mutations in KRAS drive the oncogenic phenotype in a variety of tumors of epithelial origin. The NF-κB transcription factor pathway is important for oncogenic RAS to transform cells and to drive tumorigenesis in animal models. Recently, TGF-β–activated kinase 1 (TAK1), an upstream regulator of IκB kinase (IKK), which controls canonical NF-κB signaling, was shown to...

Hypoxic environment is critical in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Most studies have mainly focused on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α as the major hypoxic transcription factors in CRC development and progression. However, the role of HIF-3α in CRC is not clear. Here we found that HIF-3α protein was increased in colorectal tumors from both mouse models and human patients. More...

Previous studies suggest that male testosterone concentrations have declined over time. To explore this in a large US population, we examined testosterone and free testosterone concentrations in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 1988-1991 and 1999-2004. We also examined sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), estradiol, and androstanediol glucuronide (3α-diol-G) over ...