abstract the purpose of this study is twofold: on the one hand, it is intended to see what kind of noticing-the –gap activity (teacher generated vs. learner generated) is more efficient in teaching l2 grammar in classroom language learning. on the other hand, it is an attempt to determine which approach of the noticing-the-gap- activity is more effective in the long- term retention of grammar...

To determine the effects of salinity and boron excess in irrigation water on relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate on a leaf weight basis (NAR), and leaf weight ratio (LWR) of pistachio, three pistachio rootstocks (Badami -Zarand, Sarakhs and Ghazvini) were used. Rootstocks were grown in soil in eight-liter polyethylene pots. Sodium chloride treatments were 0, 75,150 and 225 mM NaCl...

To determine the effects of salinity and boron excess in irrigation water on relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate on a leaf weight basis (NAR), and leaf weight ratio (LWR) of pistachio, three pistachio rootstocks (Badami -Zarand, Sarakhs and Ghazvini) were used. Rootstocks were grown in soil in eight-liter polyethylene pots. Sodium chloride treatments were 0, 75,150 and 225 mM NaCl...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of blended learning and multimedia softwares on iranian efl students vocabulary learning. in addition, the present study tried to examine the extent to which multimedia softwares can be applied into efl classes in iran. it also attempted to find out students attitudes toward using these softwares. to this end, 87 iranian efl learners at el...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hydropriming and seed aging on germination and enzymatic properties of pinto bean under salinity stress as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Two groups of seeds (i.e., non-aged and aged seeds), two hydropriming treatments (i.e., hydro primed and unprimed seeds) and six salinity treatments (i.e., 0, 2, 4, ...