OBJECTIVE To estimate mortality from diabetes mellitus (DM) for the period 2001-2011 in the Republic of Panama, by province/indigenous territory, and determine its relationship with biological and socioeconomic risk factors. METHODS Cases for the years 2001-2011 with DM listed as the principal cause of death were selected from Panama's National Mortality Registry. Crude and adjusted mortality...

Understanding long-term land use/land cover (LULC) change patterns is vital to implementing policies for effective environmental management practices and sustainable use. This study assessed of in LULC the Vaal Dam Catchment area, one most critically important areas South Africa, since it contributes a vast portion water Reservoir. The reservoir has been used supply about 13 million inhabitants...

Large bowel volvulus accounts for 10-30% of all large bowel obstruction and occurs most commonly in the sigmoid colon(Asbun 1992, Bagarani 1993, Bhatnagar 2004, Oren 2007, Pahlman 1989 ). It is more common in the region of Africa, South America, Middle East and Southern Asia. The most common site of volvulus include sigmoid colon(80%), caecum(15%), transverse colon(3%), splenic flexure(2%) and ...

The long-term demand forecast for annual national electricity and energy consumption plays a vital role in future strategic planning, power system installation programming, investment next-generation unit construction. Three machine learning algorithms of BP-NN, MLR, LS-SVM were chosen training forecasting models, with the data on population, GDP, mean temperature, sunshine, rainfall, frost day...

Herman Kahn, a military strategist at Rand Corporation, first applied the term scenario to planning in the 1950s (Schoemaker, 1993). Scenarios are constructed for discovering possibilities, leading to a projection of the most likely alternative. Scenarios offer a dynamic view of possible futures (Weinstein, 2007; NIC, 2004). Scenarios are not forecasts (Schwartz, 1991), predictions (Weinstein, ...

How is obesity measured? It is measured by two key indicators: Body Mass Index (BMI) (Box 1) and by raised waist circumference. In 2007, 24% of adults (aged 16 or over) in England were classified as obese (BMI 30 kg/m2 or over), an overall increase from 15% in 1993. Men and women were equally likely to be obese, however men were more likely than women (41% compared to 32%) to be overweight (BMI...